Objective　To compare the features and advantages of the standardized residency training of urology in America and China

and to provide a reference for the improvement of the Chinese standardized residency training system. Methods　By studying the latest standardized training documents in China and the America

referring to the specific training rules of standardized training pilots (Shanghai and other cities)

and the latest related researches

this article compares the differences between the Chinese and American standardized residency training systems from such five aspects as the source of urology training students

training objectives

training content

quality control and external environment

and tries to figure out the reasons for their formation. Results　There are many places in American standardized residency training system that can be referred

such as unifying the period of training system

strengthening the assessment of clinical capabilities of residents

focusing on the combination of clinical and scientific research

and improving the remuneration and practice environment of residents. At present

the quality and effectiveness of Chinese urology standardized residency training needs to be improved

especially the ability of independent diagnosis and surgical skills. Conclusion　By analyzing the differences of standardized residency training system between China and the United States

this article puts forward the following suggestions: a) to unify the educational system and establish a unified admission standard for urologists; b) to formulate a clear training goal and establish a national standardized assessment system; c) to improve the income level of urology residents

willing to establish a standardized residency training system that truly suits China's national conditions.