Objective：To survey and analyze the positive results of syphilis and HIV from the inpatients before operation and blood transfusion in our hospital during 2007 and 2011，so as to understand the change of the infection rates. Methods：The syphilis was de－tected by ELISA method first，then the positive samples were confirmed by TPPA method. The HIV was also detected by ELISA method first，then the positive samples were confirmed by Western blot. Results：The positive rate of syphilis was 2.29% in 2007 and 3.60% in 2011 respectively，and there was significant difference in statistic（P<0.005）；the positive rate of HIV was 0.05% in 2007 and 0.33% in 2011 respectively，and there was also significant difference in statistic（P<0.005）. Conclusion：The positive rates of syphilis and HIV from the inpatients before operation and blood transfusion changed obviously in our hospital.It is important to strengthen the de－tection of syphilis and HIV for the inpatients.