Objective：To detect the expressions of Ebp1 and androgen receptor（AR） in benign prostatic hyperplasia（BPH） and prostate cancer（PCa） and to analyze their relationship with pathological grade of PCa，level of prostate specific antigen（PSA） and clinical stage. Methods：The expressions of Ebp1 and AR in 21 specimens of BPH and 55 specimens of PCa were detected by im－munohistochemistry. The differences of Ebp1 and AR expressions in BPH and PCa at different clinical stages，preoperative PSA levels，pathological grades of PCa were analyzed and their correlations were studied. Results：The positive rate of Ebp1 was significantly higher in PCa than in BPH tissues（P<0.05），and that of AR showed no significant differences between BPH and PCa groups（P >0.05）. Both the expressions of Ebp1 and AR were closely related with the pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa（P<0.05），but not with PSA level（P >0.05）. There was a positive correlation between expressions of Ebp1 and AR in PCa tissues（P<0.05）. Conclu－sions：Ebp1 is expressed differently in BPH and PCa. Ebp1 might become an indicator for the differential diagnosis of PCa. With the progression of PCa，the expressions of AR and Ebp1 are gradu－ally reduced，with positive correlation between them，which could be used jointly to evaluate the prognosis of PCa.