Objective:To investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ)agonist- Rosiglitazone(RTZ) on the cognition

Aβand Tau in the AD rats and explore its potential mechanisms involving attenuate learning and memory deficits.Methods: Rosiglitazone was administered in the rats which were treated with intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) induced dementia model. On the 21st day from 1st STZ injection

spatial learning and memory of rats were tested in Morris water maze.The expression of IDE

glycogen synthase kinese-3β(GSK-3β)

phospho-GSK-3β(pGSK-3β)

Tau and phospho-tau(pTau) were measured by western-blot. Amyloid β-peptide(Aβ)40 and 42 levels in the brain of the AD rats were tested by immunohistochemistry.Results: AD rats administered rosiglitazone exhibited better spatial learning and memory abilities and had lower Aβlevels than untreated AD rats(p<0.05). Rosiglitazone attenuated reduction in insulin-degrading enzyme and reduced GSK-3β activity(p<0.05).Conclusion: RTZ-mediated cognitive improvement of AD rats does correlate with the expression of IDE and GSK-3β.