Objective：To improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment by studying the common symptom，treatment and prog－nosis of mushroom poisoning in children. Methods：The primary symptoms，treatment and prognosis of 49 cases of mushroom poisoning in children were retrospectively reviewed. Results：The primary symptoms of mushroom poisoning were diverse；the most common pri－mary symptom was vomiting（93.9%），followed by diarrhea（55.1%），abdominal pain（44.9%），depression（20.4%），convulsion （18.4%），dizziness（16.3%），bloody stools（14.3%），jaundice（12.2%），coma（12.2%），anuria（10.2%），headache（10.2%），delirium （8.1%），edema（6.1%），fever（6.1%），cough（4.1%），etc. There were 36 children had liver cell damage；28 children with alanine amino－transferase（ALT） higher than 1 000 U/L. On the base of symptomatic and supportive treatment，35 children were given blood purifi－cation therapy（hemofiltration，hemodialysis，hemoperfusion，plasmapheresis and combined with blood purification）. Blood purification used for mushroom poisoning in children could significantly reduce ALT. Fourteen cases（28.6%） were cured，16 cases（32.7%） were turned better，19 cases（38.8%） were died. Conclusion：The symptoms are diverse in children with mushroom poisoning，which might lead to multiple organs dysfunction and serious consequences. Children with mushroom poisoning can cause severe liver cell damage and ALT increase significantly（the majority ALT is higher than 1 000 U/L）. In addition，the ALT monitoring may be used for the assessment of prognosis. Blood purification used in the treatment of mushroom poisoning in children can significantly reduce ALT and improve the prognosis.