Objective：To investigate the effect of Beclin 1 overexpression on the biological behavior of esophageal cancer cell line E－ca109. Methods：The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-ZsGreen-h Beclin 1 was transfected into Eca109 cell line. The mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin 1 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Autophagosome was observed by electron microscopy. Changes in cell growth curve were determined by MTT assay and cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. The effects of Beclin 1 overexpression on the migration and invasion of esophageal cancer cell line Eca109 were detected by Transwell chamber experiment. Vascular formation experiment in vitro was applied to determine the angiogenesis capability of Eca109. Results：The proliferation of Eca109 cells was obviously inhibited in Beclin 1 group than in empty vector group and control group. The cell in－vasion，angiogenesis and migration abilities were reduced Beclin 1 group than in control group（all P<0.05）. The proportion of cells at S stage was decreased significantly and the cell proliferation was inhibited obviously after steady expression of Beclin 1. Conclusion：Beclin 1 may be used as one of suppressor genes for esophageal cancer growth and metastasis.