Objective To explore the effect of general practitioners on patients’ disease awareness rate and self-management ability in the management of elderly chronic diseases in the community.Methods Ninety elderly patients with chronic disease admitted to a hospital in Jishou city from March 2019 to March 2021 in the community were selected as subjects and assigned to control and observation groups using the random number table method

with 45 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received conventional community management and patients in the observation group received the GP-based community chronic disease management

and both groups received consecutive interventions for 6 months.The quality of life [Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases-General Module（QLICD-GM）] and self-management ability [Chronic Disease Self-Management Support（CDSMS）] were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention

and the disease awareness rate [Chinese version of the Newest Vital Sign（NVS）] was compared between the two groups after the intervention.Results After the intervention

the QLICD-GM and CDSMS scores of patients in both groups were higher than those before the intervention

and the observation group had higher scores than the control group

and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The disease awareness rate of patients in the observation group was 95.56% after the intervention

which was higher than that of the control group（75.56%）

and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion The intervention of community chronic disease management based on general practitioners can effectively improve the quality of life

self-management ability and disease awareness rate of elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community.