Objective: To explore the risk factors of acute post-streptococcal nephritis (APSGN) in children with massive proteinuria

so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease in children. Methods: Data of APSGN children with massive proteinuria admitted into the nephrology department of Hunan Children’s Hospital from Feb. 2007 to Dec. 2018 were extracted

and all patients were divided into the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ according to whether the duration of proteinuria was less than 3 months. Differences of clinical and pathological factors between two groups were analyzed

and risk factors of prolonged duration of proteinuria were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: A total of 119 children were enrolled

including 84 males and 35 females

aged (9.39±2.80) years old. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of hypertension

acute kidney injury

renal C1q deposition and blood C4 level between two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension and low blood C4 level were risk factors for prolonged duration of proteinuria (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypertension

low blood C4 level are risk factors for the progression of APSGN in children with massive proteinuria

which should be vigilant for the development of chronic kidney disease.