To promote the exploration and research about platelet membrane-based nanomedicine delivery system，words including “platelet”，“platelet membrane”，“nanoparticle”，“drug delivery” were selected as key words；literatures related to platelet membrane-based nanomedicine delivery system from 1961 to 2019 were searched in Chinese and foreign databases，such as PubMed，CNKI and others；its characteristics，functions，development，extraction methods，drug-loading methods，clinical applications，advantages and dis－advantages were reviewed. There are many kinds of membrane proteins on platelet membranes，which interact with different types of cells and play specific physiological and pathological functions in the body. Platelet membranes were extracted by repeating freezing-thawing method，and were used to load nanoparticles through covalent conjugation，direct encapsulation or coating. At present，platelet membrane coated nanoparticles have been used in anti-tumor，anti-infection，treatments of thrombocytopenia，immunotherapy，phototherapy and so on，with a broad application prospect. Platelet membrane-coated nanomedicine delivery system has many advan－tages，such as long retention time in blood circulation，high targeting ability and good biocompatibility；at the same time，it has short－comings of complex preparation process，biosafety and stability.