Objective：To compare the clinical outcome of primary total arthroplasty via orthop dische chirurgie München（OCM） and traditional posterolateral approach（PLA）. Methods：A total of 82 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty in our hospital from August 2014 to October 2016 were randomly divided into the OCM group and the PLA group in accordance with different approaches. The length of incision，operating time，gross blood loss，blood transfusion rate，postoperative off-bed time，preoperative and postoperative Harris score of hip joint，visual analogue scores（VAS） and postoperative radiological positioning of implants were compared and assessed. Results：Statistical significant differences were found between two groups in the length of incision，operating time，gross blood loss，off-bed time，VAS at 24 h，48 h and 72 h，and postoperative Harris scores of hip joint at the 1st week，the 1st month and the 3rd month（P<0.05），while no statistical significant differences were found between two groups in the rate of blood transfusion，postoperative VAS at the 1st week，postoperative Harris scores of hip joint at the 6th month，the 12th month and the 24th month，and implants position（P>0.05）. No postoperative dislocation was observed during follow up. However，one femoral calcar fracture happened intraoperatively in the OCM group（0.71%） which was fixed with steelwire cerclage，and was stable during the follow-up，without loosening and subsidence. Conclusion：Compared with the PLA，the OCM approach for primary total arthroplasty has advantages of shorter incision length，less bleeding and better clinical outcomes in early stages.