In 2018，the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons（AAHKS），the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons （AAOS），the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine（ASRA），the American Hip Society（AHS） and the Ameri－can Knee Society（AKS） have jointly issued the clinical practice guidelines for applying tranexamic acid（TXA） in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty，which addressed common and important questions related to the efficacy and safety of TXA in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty，and provided multidisplinary evidence-based recommendations on the use of TXA. This article translated and described the guidelines，so as to provide clinical practice guidelines to Chinese clinical surgeons.