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重庆医科大学附属儿童医院眼科
纸质出版日期:2020,
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[1]王阳,赵汝莲,皮练鸿.3~12岁儿童屈光状态与屈光参数相关性分析[J].保健医学研究与实践,2020,17(05):22-26.
Wang Yang, Zhao Rulian, Pi Lianhong. Analysis of the correlation between refractive state and refractive parameters in children aged 3-12 years[J]. Health Medicine Research and Practice, 2020,17(5):22-26.
目的探讨3~12岁儿童屈光发育特点
分析屈光状态与屈光参数的相关性。方法选取2017年6月-2018年6月于重庆某医院眼科门诊就诊的3~12岁儿童600例(1 200只眼)作为研究对象
通过睫状肌麻痹检影验光及光学生物测量仪获得其屈光度、眼轴长度(AL)、水平角膜屈光力(K1)、垂直角膜屈光力(K2)、前房深度值(ACD)
并计算眼轴长度/角膜曲率半径比值(AL/CR)
分析年龄、屈光度与各屈光参数的相关关系。结果 3~6岁组远视发生率最高(73.13%)
7~9岁组次之(48.89%)
10~12岁组最低(15.00%)
不同年龄组远视发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=278.329
P<0.05)。10~12岁组近视发生率最高(69.72%)
7~9岁组次之(34.44%)
3~6岁组最低(6.67%)
不同年龄组近视发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=364.991
P<0.05)。研究对象等效球径(SE)
K2数值随着年龄增长而变小
而K1、AL、ACD和AL/CR数值则随着年龄增长而增大
近视的界值是AL/CR为3。不同年龄组SE、K1、AL、ACD和AL/CR的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同屈光度组的SE、K1、K2、AL、ACD和AL/CR差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示:K1
K2及ACD与SE呈中度负相关(r=-0.525、-0.458、-0.604;P<0.05)
而AL、AL/CR与SE呈高度负相关(r=-0.802、-0.847;P<0.05)。结论 3~12岁儿童的屈光状态会随着年龄的增加而发生变化
总的发展趋势为远视-正视-近视。眼轴长度、角膜屈光力是影响屈光状态的主要因素。AL/CR>3可作为正视向近视发展的高危指标
而7~9岁可认为是学龄儿童由正视向近视化发展的活跃期。
Objective To investigate the developmental characteristics of refractive parameters and to evaluate its associations with refraction in children aged 3-12 years. Methods Six hundred children(1 200 eyes) aged 3-12 years were studied in an ophthalmic clinic in a chongqing hospital from June 2017 to June 2018
Biometric measurements including axis length(AL)
horizontal corneal diopter(K1)
vertical corneal diopter(K2) and anterior chamber depth(ACD)
and axis length/corneal curvature radius ratio(AL/CR) was calculated. The correlation between age
diopter and refractive parameters was analyzed.Results The incidence of hyperopia was the highest in the 3-6 year old group(73.13%)
the next in the 7-9 year old group(48.89%) and the lowest in the 10-12 year old group(15.00%)
there was a significant difference among different age groups(χ2=278.329
P<0.05). The incidence of myopia was the highest in the 10-12 year old group(69.72%)
the next in the 7-9 year old group(34.44%)
and the lowest in the 3-6 year old group(6.67%)
there was a significant difference among different age groups(χ2=364.991
P<0.05). Spherical equivalent(SE)and K2 gradually decreased with age.K1
AL
ACD and AL/CR increased with age.The boundary value of myopia is AL/CR=3.The differences of SE
K1
AL
ACD and AL/CR among different age groups were statistically significant(P <0.05). The differences of SE
K1
K2
AL
ACD and AL/CR in different diopter groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).K1
K2 and ACD showed moderately negative correlation with SE(r=-0.525
-0.458
-0.604; P<0.05). AL
AL/CR is highly negatively correlated with SE(r=-0.802
-0.847; P<0.05). Conclusion The refractive status of children aged 3-12 years will change with age
and the general development trend is hyperopia-emmetropia-myopia. AL and K are the main factors affecting refractive state.AL/CR>3 can be used as a high risk indicator to measure whether emmetropization into myopia
7-9 years old can be regarded as the main phase from emmetropization to myopization of school-age children.
儿童屈光状态眼轴角膜屈光力眼轴长度/角膜曲率半径比值等效球径
ChildRefractive stateAxis lengthCorneal refractive powerAxis length/corneal curvature radius ratioSpherical equivalent
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