Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different doses of bortezomib for injection combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide in the treatment of multiple myeloma（MM）. Methods A total of 112 patients with MM who were admitted to a hospital in Liaoning Province from March 2018 to November 2019 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into study group and control group by using a random number table method

with 56 cases in each group. Control group was given low-dose bortezomib（1.3 mg/m

2

） combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide

and study group was given high-dose bortezomib（1.6 mg/m

2

） combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide. In both groups

4 weeks is a course of treatment

a total of 4 courses of treatment. The renal function indexes [blood urea nitrogen（BUN）

serum creatinine（Scr）

β

2

microglobulin（β

2

-MG）] were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 4 courses of treatment. Efficacy and occurrence of toxic and side effects were compared between the two groups after 4 courses of treatment. The mortality rate and overall response rate（OOR） were compared between the two groups within 2 years after treatment. Results After the completion of the second course of treatment

the OOR of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（P

<

0.05）. Compared with the control group

the onset of effect was faster; after the completion of 4 courses

the CR rate of the study group was 63.27%（31/49）

slightly higher than the control group 57.45%（27/47）

but the difference was not statistically significant（P

>

0.05）. Before treatment

there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of BUN

Scr

and β

2

-MG between the two groups（P

>

0.05）. After treatment

the levels of BUN

Scr

and β

2

-MG in the two groups were lower than those before treatment

and the levels in study group were lower than those in control group（P

<

0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of toxic and side effects between the two groups during treatment（P

>

0.05）. The mortality rate of patients in study group within 2 years after treatment was lower than that in control group [19.64%（11/56） vs 30.36%（17/56）]（χ

2

=1.190

P=0.275）. The OOR of patients in the study group 2 years after treatment was 95.56%（43/45）

which was higher than 82.05%（32/39） of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（χ

2

=3.983

P=0.046）. Conclusion 1.6 mg/m

2

dose of bortezomib and 1.3 mg/m

2

dose combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide have equivalent effects in the treatment of MM

but the 1.6 mg/m

2

dose has a faster onset and better safety. And it can effectively protect the renal function

and is conducive to the prognosis of patients.