Objective To study the expression of miRNAs carried by vascular endothelial-derived exosomes in the early stage of sepsis. Methods SD rat thoracic aortic endothelial cells were cultured in vitro，treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide，and the collected medium was subjected to differential ultracentrifugation to obtain exosomes. The expression of small RNAs carried by the endothelial-derived exosomes was detected by high-throughput sequencing and compared with the statically cultured endothelial cell-derived exosomes to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Results In this study，exosomes were successfully isolated from vascular endothelial cells，and disk-shaped vesicles with a diameter of 40 ~ 100 nm were observed under transmission electron microscopy. Sequencing of miRNAs carried by exosomes revealed that endothelial cells released a large number of differentially expressed miRNAs via exosomes upon exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Conclusion The expression profile of miRNAs carried by vascular endothelial-derived exosomes changed in the early stage of sepsis，and these differentially expressed miRNAs might play an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular system in the early stage of sepsis.