Objective Discussion the mechanism of “Same Treatment for Different Diseases” of Chaihu Shugan Powder in treating Type 2 Diabetes （T2DM），Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease（NAFLD） and Depressive Disorder（DD）. Method The main active components and potential target proteins of Chaihu Shugan Powder were obtained from TCMSP. Related targets for T2DM

NAFLD

and DD were collected from the GeneCards database and imported into Cytoscape 3.7.0 software to create a “Component-Target-Gene-Disease” network diagram. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were completed using DAVID Bioinformatics Resources. The molecular docking and visualization of the screened active compounds with key target proteins were performed using Autodock vina and Pymol software. Results A total of 123 effective components and 251 effective targets were identified. Additionally

1 622 effective targets for T2DM

1 513 for NAFLD

and 1 600 for DD were selected

and 70 common targets were found for drugs and diseases. Gene ontology analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that signal pathways involved in Chaihu Shugan Powder’s treatment of T2DM

NAFLD and DD mainly included the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway

HIF-1 signaling pathway

MAPK signaling pathway

Toll-like receptors signaling pathway

and others. Molecular docking showed that most key targets and main active components could be docked together stably. Conclusions The mechanism of “Same Treatment for Different Diseases” of Chaihu Shugan Powder for treating T2DM

NAFLD and DD may involve improving insulin resistance

inflammatory response

and lipid metabolism disorder through targets including IL6

TNF

IL1B and the other targets and HIF-1 signaling pathway

MAPK signaling pathway

Toll-like receptors signaling pathway etc.