Objective To investigate the residents’willingness about body donation and the influence factors in four cities of Si⁃chuan Province，so as to improve the rate of body donation and alleviate the shortage of human specimens in medical colleges. Methods The residents of Chengdu，Luzhou，Yibin and Panzhihua of Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects by convenient sam⁃pling method，and questionnaires were used to investigate the current situation and influencing factors of residents’willingness to do⁃nate body in the four cities. Results The willingness rate of body donation was 53.03%. 32.54% of residents knew about body donation while 67.46% of residents did not. Single factor analysis showed that the willingness rate of body donation among residents aged 0~30 years reached 66.89%; the willingness rate of body donation in rural areas（41.70%）was lower than that in urban areas（P<0.05）. The willingness to donation increased with the education level（P<0.05）. The willingness rate of residents who knew about body donation was higher than that of residents who did not know（P < 0.05）. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that recognition （OR =25.895，95% CI=16.775~39.973），place of residence（OR=1.675，95% CI=1.260~2.228）and age（OR=2.114，95% CI=1.560~2.864）were the influencing factors of residents’willingness to donate body. Conclusion The body donation willingness rate of resi⁃dents in the four cities of Sichuan Province was not high. The influencing factors of willingness of residents to donate body were recogni⁃tion，age and place of residence. In order to improve the rate of body donation，we should strengthen the cognitive publicity according to the existing influencing factors in the future.