Objective To observe the effect of each component of antithrombotic prescription in preventing leg deep vein thrombosis （LDVT） after gynecologic pelvic surgery， and to screen for main components with antithrombotic effects. Methods According to the orthogonal design， the components of antithrombotic prescription were divided into 12 groups; patients who had a gynecologic pelvic surgery in the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University from March 2019 to April 2020 and had high risk factors for LDVT were enrolled as subjects; traditional Chinese medicine decoctions of different components were orally administered （1 compartment， 3 times a day） in each group 24 hours after surgery; related indicators were measured after surgery to observe the effect of each component of antithrombotic prescription in preventing LDVT and to screen for the main components of antithrombotic prescription. Results The main components with antithrombotic effects in the antithrombotic prescription were Salvia miltiorrhiza， Radix Paeoniae Rubra， Angelica sinensis， peach seed， Carthamus tinctorius， Rhizoma Chuanxiong， and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae; Astragalus membranaceus， Codonopsis pilosula， Fructus Aurantii Immaturus， and Rheum officinale were negative factors. Conclusion The reduced antithrombotic prescription is composed of Salvia miltiorrhiza， Radix Paeoniae Rubra， Angelica sinensis， peach seed， Carthamus tinctorius， Rhizoma Chuanxiong， and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae.