Mother-to-child transmission（MTCT）in the perinatal period is one of the main ways to cause the transmission of chronic hepatitis B virus（HBV），and although standard hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepati⁃tis B vaccine have been used for passive and active immunization in the neonates born to pregnant women with chronic HBV infection in China，5%~10% of the neonates are still infected with HBV，with the high viral load of pregnant women as the main reason for the failure of mother-to-child blocking. Evidence has proved that oral antivi⁃ral drugs can further reduce the mother-to-child transmission of HBV; however，major guidelines still have contro⁃versies over issues such as the timing of the use of antiviral drugs in pregnant women with high viral load，viral load threshold，preferred type of antiviral drugs，and breastfeeding. This review discusses the controversial issues of oral administration of antiviral drugs during pregnancy，in order to provide a theoretical reference for managing MTCT of HBV infection.