Objective To investigate the effects of Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue decoction on pancreatic oxida⁃tive stress in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis（SAP）. Methods A total of 128 male rats were randomly divid⁃ed into Blank group，Sham group，SAP group，and ChaiHuang group. The Sham group and SAP group received in⁃tragastric administration of normal saline，and the ChaiHuang group had intragastric administration of Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue decoction dissolved in normal saline，once every 6 hours. Blood and pancreatic tissue samples were collected at 6，12，24，and 48 hours. The pancreatic tissue was treated with HE staining for pathological observa⁃tion. Levels of serum amylase（AMY）and lipase（LPS），blood white blood cells（WBC），and pancreatic superox⁃ide dismutase（SOD），glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px），catalase（CAT），and malondialdehyde（MDA）were de⁃termined. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of heme oxygenase-1（HO-1）in the pancreatic tis⁃sue. Results Compared with the Sham group，the SAP group and Chaihuang group had significant pathological changes in the pancreatic tissue under a light microscope. The SAP group showed significantly increased levels of se⁃rum AMY and LPS and blood WBC（P<0.05），significantly decreased levels of SOD，GSH-Px，and CAT in the pancreatic tissue（P<0.05），and significantly increased levels of MDA and HO-1 in the pancreatic tissue（P<0.05）. Compared with the SAP group，the Chaihuang group showed significantly reduced pathological damage in the pancreatic tissue，significantly decreased levels of serum AMY and LPS and blood WBC（P<0.05），significantly increased levels of SOD，GSH-Px，and CAT in the pancreatic tissue（P<0.05），a significantly decreased level of MDA in the pancreatic tissue（P<0.05），and significantly increased expression of HO-1 in the pancreatic tissue （P<0.05）. Conclusion Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue decoction may play a protective role against pancreatic injury in SAP by increasing the levels of SOD，GSH-Px，CAT，and HO-1 and decreasing the level of MDA.