OBJECTIVE: To investigate the general characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus（ HIV） infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（ AIDS） and pulmonary tuberculosis and the compliance with antiviral medication. METHODS: The general information of patients with HIV infection/AIDS and tuberculosis admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University（ hereafter referred to as "our hospital"） from2017 to 2018 was retrospectively analyzed

and the information of patients’ compliance for antiviral medication was obtained by questionnaire. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2018

a total of 2 008 patients with HIV-infection/AIDS were admitted into our hospital

of which 686（ 34. 2%） had pulmonary tuberculosis. Among the 686 patients with HIVinfection/AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis

487 were male patients（ 71. 0%） and 199 were female patients（ 29. 0%）. Aged from 16 to 89 years old

with more patients aged from 30 to < 45 years old. Most patients were unemployed（ 498 cases

72. 6%）. There were 173 cases（ 25. 2%） received highly active anti-retroviral therapy（ HAART）

and 513 cases（ 74. 8%） did not receive HAART. Among the 173 patients receiving HAART

medication compliance was correlated with adverse drug reactions

utilization of social support

awareness of tuberculosis and economic reasons. Medication compliance was negatively correlated with adverse drug reactions and strongly correlated with utilization of social support

the correlation with awareness of tuberculosis and economic reasons was weak.Adverse drug reactions were weakly correlated with utilization of social support

awareness of tuberculosis and economic reasons. There was strong correlation between the utilization of social support and awareness of tuberculosis. Logistic regression analysis showed that older age（ OR = 1. 590） and lower family income（ OR = 2. 035） were risk factors for medication compliance. High education level（ OR = 1. 532） and high degree of utilization of social support（ OR =1. 113） were protective factors for patient’medication compliance（ P < 0. 05）. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the poor compliance of antiviral medication in patients with HIV-infection/AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis

it is recommended to use methods to improve the compliance

strengthen the discharge follow-up

optimize the management mode

and improve patients’ medication compliance through multiple approaches.