Objective: To study the bacteriologic profile and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children of Jiaozuo City

and to provide clues for guiding pediatric clinical medication and infectious diseases control. Methods: Sputum samples from children with community-acquired LRTI attending Jiaozuo People’ s Hospital from 2018 to 2021 were isolated and cultured for bacterial identification. The bacterial identification and drug resistance analysis were performed by ATB bacterial identification and drug sensitivity analyzer. Results: A total of 952 positive samples (17. 33%) were detected from 5

493 samples. A total of 1

092 pathogenic strains were isolated

including 415 gram-positive strains (38. 00%)

655 gram-negative strains (59. 98%) and 22 fungal strains (2. 01%). The most frequently detected gram-positive organisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae (32. 69%) and Staphylococcus aureus (3. 94%); the most common gram-negative organisms were Haemophilus influenzae (26. 56%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22. 80%); Candida albicans (1. 28%) and Candida smoothus (0. 55%) were the most common fungal strains. The detection rate of gram-positive bacteria and Streptococcus pneumoniae generally showed a year-on-year increase trend (P<0. 05) and was higher in spring and winter

with 107 cases of mixed infections identified. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive to vancomycin and ciprofloxacin

with a resistance to azithromycin; Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were less susceptible to ampicillin and amoxicillin

showing somewhat susceptibility to all other antibiotics. Conclusion: The pathogens of LRTI in children of Jiaozuo City are mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae

Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. There is a possibility of mixed infections. A rational and standardized antibiotic drug regimen should be formulated according to the drug resistance of the pathogens.