Objective: To investigate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation and hemodynamics in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) after palatopharyngoplasty. Methods: A total of 100 children with OSAHS who underwent palatopharyngoplasty in the hospital from January 2019 to August 2021 were selected. They were randomized into group A (33 cases)

group B (33 cases) and group C (34 cases). General anesthesia was used in all three groups of children. Before anesthesia induction

group A was given 0. 2 μg/ kg dexmedetomidine

group B was given 0. 4 μg/ kg dexmedetomidine

and group C was given 0. 6 μg/ kg dexmedetomidine. The mean arterial pressure (MAP)

heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) at the time of entering the room (T0 )

10 minutes of pumping (T1 )

extubating (T2 ) and recovery (T3 ) between the two groups were analyzed by generalized estimation equation

and the correlation among the three groups during the recovery period was compared. Results: Based on the analysis of generalized estimation equation

the results showed that

at T1

the HR levels of the three groups increased than those at T0

but decreased back at T2 and tended to be stable

without statistically significant difference in terms of comparison among the three groups at each time point (P>0. 05); the levels of MAP and SpO2 in the three groups decreased at first and then increased

without significant difference (P>0. 05); the recovery time and extubating time of group C were longer than those of group A and group B

and the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale (PAED) scores of group B and group C were lower than those of group A (P<0. 01)

but there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of the recovery time and extubating time between group A and group B

either in the comparison of PAED scores between group B and group C (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Different doses of dexmedetomidine can maintain hemodynamic stability in children with OSAHS after palatopharyngoplasty without dose correlation. However

0. 4 μg/ kg dexmedetomidine can effectively reduce the risk of postoperative agitation

and lead to faster recovery of children’s breathing and consciousness.