Objective: To investigate the current status of application of antibiotics for children with hematological malignancies in domestic hospitals

so as to provide reference for improving the level of anti-infective treatment. Methods: A total of 200 children with hematological malignancies from Jun. 2018 to Jun. 2019 were randomly selected from two large children’s hospitals in China. Medication information was collected

including categories

doses

frequency

course of treatment

drug combination and empirical therapy in outpatients and inpatients

and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: In outpatients and inpatients

the application rate of antibiotics was respectively 21.5% and 62.5%

the proportion of empirical therapy was respectively 97.7% and 81.6%; the proportion of drug combination was respectively 14.0% and 56.0%

and the highest was the combination of two kinds of drugs. The course of treatment of antibiotics in hospitalized children was from 1 to 169 d

with a median of 6 d. The most commonly used antibiotics in outpatients were non-anti-pseudomonas β-lactams

and the most commonly used drugs in hospitalized children were anti-fungal drugs/compound sulfamethoxazole

followed by carbapenems and glycopeptides. Treatment options had the most initial broad coverage

accounting for 60.8%. Insufficient frequency of application of antibiotics was the most common type of irrational medication

followed by insufficient dose. Conclusion: At present

there are some problems in the application of antibiotics for children with hematological malignancies in China

such as high proportion of empirical therapy

drug combination

inappropriate categories

insufficient dose and frequency

insufficient or prolonged course of treatment and high levels

especially for children at high risk of hematological malignancies with granulocytosis and fever

there are still some misunderstandings in the empirical therapy