Objective: To probe into the clinical characteristics of hydrocephalus in neonates. Methods: The pediatric inpatient medical records retrieval system was retrieved

136 children with neonatal hydrocephalus in the neonatology department of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jun. 2013 to Jun. 2018 were searched

which were divided into the premature infant group (n=78) and the term infant group (n=58). The clinical characteristics

etiology and therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage

neonatal asphyxia and coagulation dysfunction in the premature infant group was higher than that in the term infant group

while the incidence of intracranial infection and epileptic seizure were lower than that in the term infant group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the severity of severe asphyxia and hydrocephalus between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Intracranial hemorrhage is the primary cause of neonatal hydrocephalus

and premature infants are more prone to have intracranial hemorrhage

asphyxia

coagulation dysfunction

etc. In term infants

it is also necessary to alert intracranial infection. In addition

severe neonatal hydrocephalus should be actively managed to reduce its adverse effects on the development of nervous system.