Objective: To investigate the efficacy of dexamethasone combined with alveolar lavage in the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia and its effects on serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels. Methods: Totally 104 children with lobar pneumonia admitted into our hospital fem Jul. 2015 to Dec. 2017 were extracted to be divided into the control group and the observation group via the random number table

with 52 cases in each group. Two groups were treated with conventional treatment

including anti-cough

anti-asthma

anti-infection and anti-febrile. The control group was treated with dexamethasone

while the observation group received alveolar lavage on the basis of the control group. Clinical effects

disappearance time of clinical symptoms (remission time of cough and dyspnea

fever duration

disappearance time of lung rales and X-ray shadow)

length of stay

levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)

interleukin-6 (IL-6)

interleukin-8 (IL-8) before and after treatment

levels of sICAM-1 and TIMP-1 and incidence of adverse drug reactions of two groups were compared. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.23%

significantly higher than 71.15% of the control group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group

the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and length of stay in the observation group were significantly shorter (P<0.05). After treatment

the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α

IL-6 and IL-8) in two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment

compared with the control group

the levels of inflammatory factors in the observation group were significantly lower (P<0.01). After treatment

the levels of sICAM-1 and TIMP-1 in two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment

compared with the control group

the observation group were significantly lower (P<0.01). No adverse drug reactions related to dexamethasone were observed in two groups

and 5 cases in the observation group developed complications of bronchofiberoscope alveolar lavage

which were relieved after treatment. Conclusion: Dexamethasone combined with bronchoalveolar lavage is effective in the treatment of lobar pneumonia

which can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and improve the levels of serum sICAM-1 and TIMP-1

promote the relief of children’s symptoms

rapidly control the condition and shorten the length of stay