Objective:To observe the inhibition effect of ketamine on emergency agitation(EA) of children suffering oral-maxillofacial surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia.Methods: 35 children with American society of auesthesiologists(ASA)Ⅰ

aged from 2 to 5 years old

and weighing 15~26 kg

were divided into 2 groups:ketamine group(group K

n=20) and control group(group C

n=15).Anesthesia method in the two groups was the same:nasal trachea intubated after 8% sevoflurane inhalation induction and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg intravenous injection and 2%~ 3% sevoflurane to maintain with mechanical ventilation in two groups intraoperatively.Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg was injected in group K 10 min before the end of surgery intravenously

but normal saline in group C.Two groups ceased sevoflurane use after surgery.Then the occurrence of agitation rate and adverse reactions

and the time of postoperative stay in intensive care unit were evaluated and recorded with Pediatric Anesthesia emergence delirium(PAED) scale after the patients regained consciousness after anesthesia.Results: There was no difference in general information significantly.The incidence of emergence agitation in groups K was significantly less than that group C(P <0.01)

while there was no difference in the incidence of adverse events or the time of intensive care unit stay.Conclusion: Ketamine is effective in reducing the incidence of emergence agitation of children who suffered oral-maxillofacial surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia.