With the advantages of high sensitivity

throughput and reliability

urinary metabolomics has been widely applied in both neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases for early diagnosis and pathogenesis exploration in recent years. Although

the mechanism of most urinary biomarkers is not clearly confirmed at present. Numerous studies have suggested that the products of DNA

lipid and protein oxidation play major roles in urinary biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases

while the primary components in demyelinating diseases are substances associated with inflammation. Generally

a qualified biomarker not only reflects pathophysiological processes

but also contributes to early diagnosis and treatment before obvious symptoms start.