1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 917794 Mashhad,Iran,8974
2. Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University,Krakow,Poland,31-007
3. Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University,Krakow,Poland,30-348
4. Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 917794 Mashhad,Iran,8974
5. Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 917794 Mashhad,Iran,8974
6. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, 917751 Mashhad,Iran,376
Published:2024,
Published Online:1 January 2024,
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Ebrahim H. Maleki, Ahmad Reza Bahrami, Maryam M. Matin. Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance. [J]. Genes & Diseases 1(1):189-204(2024)
Ebrahim H. Maleki, Ahmad Reza Bahrami, Maryam M. Matin. Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance. [J]. Genes & Diseases 1(1):189-204(2024) DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.025.
Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology
as it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment. Since tumor cells are highly diverse at genetic
epigenetic
and phenotypic levels
intra-tumor heterogeneity can be assumed as an important contributing factor to the nullification of chemotherapeutic effects
and recurrence of the tumor. Based on the role of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with varying cell-cycle dynamics and behavior during cancer progression and treatment; herein
we aim to establish a comprehensive definition for adaptation of neoplastic cells against therapy. We discuss two parallel and yet distinct subpopulations of tumor cells that play pivotal roles in reducing the effects of chemotherapy: “resistant” and “tolerant” populations. Furthermore
this review also highlights the impact of the quiescent phase of the cell cycle as a survival mechanism for cancer cells. Beyond understanding the mechanisms underlying the quiescence
it provides an insightful perspective on cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their dual and intertwined functions based on their cell cycle state in response to treatment. Moreover
CSCs
epithelial–mesenchymal transformed cells
circulating tumor cells (CTCs)
and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs)
which are mostly in a quiescent state of the cell cycle are proved to have multiple biological links and can be implicated in our viewpoint of cell cycle heterogeneity in tumors. Overall
increasing our knowledge of cell cycle heterogeneity is a key to identifying new therapeutic solutions
and this emerging concept may provide us with new opportunities to prevent the dreadful cancer recurrence.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs)CarcinomaCell cycle heterogeneityQuiescenceTherapy resistanceTherapy toleranceTumor dormancy
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