1. Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad,Islamabad,Pakistan,45550
2. Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto,Nigeria,840104
3. Ministry of Public Health, POB42, Doha,Qatar
4. Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center,, DC,Washington,USA,20057
5. Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University,Islamabad,Pakistan,45550
Published:2023,
Published Online:1 November 2023,
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Abdullahi Dandare, Muhammad Jawad Khan, Aisha Naeem, et al. Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases: Emphasis on obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. [J]. Genes & Diseases 1(6):2393-2413(2023)
Abdullahi Dandare, Muhammad Jawad Khan, Aisha Naeem, et al. Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases: Emphasis on obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. [J]. Genes & Diseases 1(6):2393-2413(2023) DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.022.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the regulation of several cellular processes including transcription
RNA processing and genome rearrangement. The aberrant expression of ncRNAs is associated with several pathological conditions. In this review
we focused on recent information to elucidate the role of various regulatory ncRNAs i.e.
micro RNAs (miRNAs)
circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)
in metabolic diseases
e.g.
obesity
diabetes mellitus (DM)
cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mechanisms by which ncRNAs participated in disease pathophysiology were also highlighted. miRNAs regulate the expression of genes at transcriptional and translational levels. circRNAs modulate the regulation of gene expression via miRNA sponging activity
interacting with RNA binding protein and polymerase II transcription regulation. lncRNAs regulate the expression of genes by acting as a protein decoy
miRNA sponging
miRNA host gene
binding to miRNA response elements (MRE) and the recruitment of transcriptional element or chromatin modifiers. We examined the role of ncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis and their potential role as molecular markers for diagnosis
prognosis and therapeutic targets. We showed the involvement of ncRNAs in the onset of obesity and its progression to MetS and CVD. miRNA-192
miRNA-122
and miRNA-221 were dysregulated in all these metabolic diseases. Other ncRNAs
implicated in at least three diseases include miRNA-15a
miRNA-26
miRNA-27a
miRNA-320
and miRNA-375. Dysregulation of ncRNAs increased the risk of development of DM and MetS and its progression to CVD in obese individuals. Hence
these molecules are potential targets to arrest or delay the progression of metabolic diseases.
BiomarkersCircRNAslncRNAsMetabolic diseasesmiRNAsNon-coding RNAsTherapeutic targets
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