Objective　To study the application of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) based on organ system in the practice teaching for clinical interns. Methods　Undergraduate interns majored in clinical medicine in grade 2017 (control group) and 2018 (experimental group) of Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing were selected as the research objects and divided into control group and experimental group. In the control group

the interns received traditional practice teaching

and the interns in the experimental group received traditional bedside teaching combined with OSCE based on organ system. Results of theoretical examination and OSCE test were used to evaluate the teaching effect

and feedbacks were obtained from teachers and students through questionnaire survey and field discussion

so as to compare the differences between the two teaching methods in cultivating clinical ability of medical students. Results　The average scores of theoretical examination of the two groups were similar

the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In OSCE test

the average scores and total scores of medical history collection station

physical examination station

skill operation station

doctor-patient communication station in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The average scores of the two groups in the auxiliary examination interpretation station and literature retrieval station were similar

and the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion　The OSCE based on organ system is obviously superior to traditional practice teaching in the development of medical students' comprehensive clinical capacity such as medical history collection

physical examination

skill operation and doctor-patient communication.