Objective：To discuss the short-term efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure（LEEP） in the treatment of human papillomavirus（HPV）16，18 persistent infection after the operation for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） and to ex－plore the influcing factor of HPV16，18 persistent infection. Methods：Totally 167 cases of CINⅡ/Ⅲ were confirmed by coloposcopy cervical biopsy and received treatment in the department of gynecology of Liuzhou People’s Hospital from January 2007 to June 2009 were enrolled. HPV16，18 DNA was detected in all patients and cervical LEEP was performed on all of them. Thinprep cytologic test（TCT），HPV16，18 DNA detection and follow-up were applied at six months after the operation. Results：HPV infection rate was 77.95l% preoperatively and 7.87% at six months after the operation in the follow-up visit. Cervix biopsy was performed in 43 pa－tients with persistent positive HPV-DNA，abnormal TCT or positive surgical margin. Rate of residual lesions was 9.3%. Conclusions：①HPV16，18 infection in female genital tract can be effectively cleared by LEEP. ②Influencing factors of persistent HPV16，18 in－fection after the treatment of high-grade CIN by LEEP include age，age at first sexual activity，multiple delivery and positive margin involvement. ③Positive margin involvement is the risk factor for the residual lesion of high-grade CIN after treating by LEEP.