Objective To explore the influencing factors of treatment compliance in patients with bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 86 patients with bronchial asthma in a hospital of Henan Province from January 2018 to December 2020 were investigated with self-made questionnaire to analyze the factors affecting the treatment compliance of patients with bronchial asthma. Results Among the 86 patients with bronchial asthma

the treatment compliance was good in 36 cases（41.86%） and poor in 50 cases（58.14%）. There were significant differences in age

annual income

place of residence

education

severity of illness and mastery of inhalation techniques among patients with different treatment compliance（P<0.05）. Non-conditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age over 50 years old

annual income less than 100 000

worry about adverse drug reactions

lack of knowledge about prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma

inadequate communication between doctors and patients

residence in rural areas

education level of high school or below

severity of illness and low mastery of inhalation technology were independent risk factors affecting treatment compliance of patients with bronchial asthma（P <0.05）. Conclusion There are many factors affecting the treatment compliance of patients with bronchial asthma. Targeted intervention measures should be made according to the influencing factors to improve the treatment compliance of patients.