Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of the clinical strains isolated from two grade A tertiary general hospitals in Neijiang

Sichuan province

China

2018. Methods: The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method

E-test stripes

or an automated system was used to carry out the antimicrobial susceptibility test. The data were interpreted according to the breakpoints from the CLSI guidelines（2018）. WHONET 5.6 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 5 285 non-repetitive clinical isolates were collected in 2018

of which 3 662（69.3%） were Gram-negative bacteria

mainly comprising Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.

and 1 623（30.7%）were Gram-positive bacteria

mainly comprising Staphylococcus aureus

coagulase-negative Staphylococcus

and Enterococcus spp. Among them

33.7% of the S. aureus isolates and 81.9% of the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates showed resistance to methicillin. The methicillin-resistant isolates had higher resistance rates to most of the antibiotics tested（except trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole） than the methicillin-susceptible isolates. No isolates were found resistant to linezolid or vancomycin. Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium were the major isolates in Enterococcus

and the E. faecalis isolates had much lower resistance rates to ten antibiotics（other than tetracyclines）than the E. faecium isolates. A few E. faecalis isolates showed resistance to vancomycin. A few Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates showed resistance to penicillin. In addition

62.7% of the E. coli isolates and 27.5% of the K. pneumoniae isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates had relatively low resistance rates（ < 10%） to carbapenems. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had a resistance rate of 12.6% to imipenem

and the Acinetobacter spp. isolates had a resistance rate of 45.4% to it. The Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates showed a high susceptibility rate（ > 80%） to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin. And 66.2% of the Haemophilus influenzae isolates and 99.5% of the Moraxella catarrhalis isolates produced β-lactamase. Conclusion: Bacteria have developed increasingly high antimicrobial resistance. It is necessary to strengthen the antimicrobial agent management in clinical application and the nosocomial infection control

and pay more attention to the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.