Objective To explore the effect of nutrition-guided care on self-management behaviors and quality of life of peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods Ninety patients with chronic kidney disease who underwent peritoneal dialysis in a hospital in Zhumadian from January 2016 to April 2018 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were divided into a control group and a study group using a random number table

with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional Western medical treatment and routine care

while patients in the study group were given nutritional guidance care besides the control group’s care. The patients’ self-management behaviors and quality of life in the two groups at six months of care were compared. Results Before nursing care

there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the total score and scores in the six dimensions of the self-management behavior scale（compliance with medical advice

management of high and low proteinemia

monitoring of uric acid

care and prevention of complications

dietary control

and regular exercise） or the total score and scores in the four dimensions of the quality of life scale（role function

emotional function

health status

and somatic function）（P >0.05）. At six months of care

the total score and scores in the six dimensions of the self-management behavior scale

as well as the total score and scores in the four dimensions of the quality of life scale

increased significantly in both groups

and those in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P <0.05）. Conclusion Nutritional guidance care can effectively enhance self-management behaviors and improve the quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Therefore

it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.