Objective To discuss the clinical features and risk factors of the initial onset and the recurrence of cerebral infarction and to provide theoretic basis for early clinical intervention and the prevention of its recurrence.Method To select 254 cases of patients diagnosed of acute cerebral infarction hospitalized at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2012 to October 2014

divide them into the initial onset group and the recurrence group containing 131 cases and 123 cases of patients respectively

and conduct a retrospective analysis of the clinical information of the two groups of patients.Results The morbidity rates of hypertension and diabetes of the recurrence group were both higher than those of the initial onset group

and the differences had statistical significance（P<0.05）.The levels of plasma total cholesterol of the patients of initial onset group were higher than those of the recurrence group

and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）scores of the patients of the recurrence group were higher than those of the initial onset group

and the differences also had statistical significance（P<0.01）.On the other hand

the differences of the two groups in levels of blood pressure level

blood sugar

blood fat ingredients

and coagulation function at hospitalization had no statistical significance.Conclusion There is a rather high risk of recurrence for patients of cerebral infarction combined with hypertension and diabetes.Early intervention against the risk factors regarding the recurrence of cerebral infarction such as the control of blood pressure

blood sugar

and blood fat levels

serves to reduce the recurrence rate of cerebral infarction and improve the prognosis.