Objective To investigate the drug resistance of clinical isolated Gram-negative bacilli from 2012to2013 in Xianning First People’s Hospital so as to provide a basis for clinical anti-infective treatment and reasonable choice of antibiotics.Method Clinically isolated strains of Gram-negative bacilli were identified by VITEK-32 automatic bacterial identification instrument and tested their drug susceptibility.Results There were 1115 strains of Gram-negative bacilli isolated in the past two years

accounting for 65.4% of total isolation rate of clinical bacteria.The common Gram-negative bacilli were Escherichia coli（352strains）

Klebsiella pneumoniae（224strains）

Enterobacter（165strains）

Pseudomonas aeruginosa（160strains）

Acinetobacter（152strains）.In Escherichia coli

there were 140 strains of producing extended-spectrumβ-lactamases（ESBLs）and the enzyme production rate was 39.8%;in Klebsiella pneumoniae

44 strains of ESBLs were detected and the enzyme production rate was 19.6%.The results of drug susceptibility showed that Gram-negative bacilli had low resistance to imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam

strong resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin

cefazolin and gentamicin

and had serious multi-drug resistance as well.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are highly isolated and have strong drug resistance.Clinicians should choose appropriate antibiotics based on susceptibility experiments in order to improve anti-infective treatment.