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1.天水市第二人民医院药剂科,甘肃 天水 741020
2.兰州大学第一医院介入医学科,兰州 730030
3.兰州大学第一医院药剂科,兰州 730030
主管药师。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:549813436@qq.com
副主任药师,博士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:543880874@qq.com
收稿:2025-07-24,
修回:2025-10-20,
纸质出版:2025-12-30
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受国徽,刘声野,陈国华,等.抗凝药物在肥胖患者中的应用进展 Δ[J].中国药房,2025,36(24):3137-3142.
SHOU Guohui,LIU Shengye,CHEN Guohua,et al.Advances in the application of anticoagulants in obese patients[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(24):3137-3142.
受国徽,刘声野,陈国华,等.抗凝药物在肥胖患者中的应用进展 Δ[J].中国药房,2025,36(24):3137-3142. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.24.21.
SHOU Guohui,LIU Shengye,CHEN Guohua,et al.Advances in the application of anticoagulants in obese patients[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(24):3137-3142. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.24.21.
肥胖是静脉血栓栓塞症等血栓事件的明确危险因素。肥胖导致的药代动力学改变,为抗凝管理带来了挑战。本文系统综述了各类抗凝药物在肥胖患者中应用进展,发现低分子肝素在重度肥胖患者中需根据预防或治疗目标调整剂量,预防剂量可增至40 mg,q12 h或0.5 mg/(kg·d),治疗剂量则建议减至0.8 mg/kg,q12 h;直接口服抗凝药物对一般肥胖患者安全有效,重度肥胖患者可谨慎使用标准剂量的利伐沙班或阿哌沙班,并考虑进行治疗药物监测;肥胖合并创伤、妊娠、老年或减重手术等特殊临床情况时,应个体化制定抗凝策略,并注意监测。未来研究应聚焦特殊人群抗凝方案的优化以及肥胖合并其他栓塞性疾病的抗凝管理。
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for thrombotic events such as venous thromboembolism, and the alterations in pharmacokinetics induced by obesity pose challenges for anticoagulation management. This article systematically reviews the advances of the use of various anticoagulants in obese patients, and finds that the dosage of low-molecular-weight heparin needs to be adjusted according to preventive or therapeutic goals in severely obese patients, the preventive dose may be increased to 40 mg, q12 h or 0.5 mg/(kg·d), while the therapeutic dose is recommended to be reduced to 0.8 mg/(kg·d), q12 h. Direct oral anticoagulant drugs are safe and effective for general obese patients; in severely obese patients, standard doses of rivaroxaban or apixaban may be used, warranting cautious application and consideration for therapeutic drug monitoring. In special clinical scenarios such as obesity combined with trauma, pregnancy, advanced age, or bariatric surgery, anticoagulation strategies should be individualized, with close attention to monitoring. Future research should focus on optimizing anticoagulant regimens for special populations and addressing anticoagulation management in obese patients with other embolic diseases.
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