外科学专业型硕士研究生手术机器人基础培训课程的方案构建与应用

贺漫青; 郜小帅; 张超; 陈小玲; 曾多; 何霄; 熊茂琦; 韩英; 肖然; 蒲丹; 王坤杰

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20241025-02206

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外科学专业型硕士研究生手术机器人基础培训课程的方案构建与应用

研究生教育 | 更新时间：2026-02-13

- 外科学专业型硕士研究生手术机器人基础培训课程的方案构建与应用
- Construction and application of a training course and scheme on Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery for professional master's students in surgery
- 中华医学教育探索杂志 2026年25卷第1期页码：91-95
- 作者机构：
  
  四川大学华西临床医学院临床技能中心，成都 610041
- 作者简介：
  
  王坤杰，Email：wzwzlwww@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  四川省高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目(JG2024-0016)
- DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20241025-02206
  中图分类号： R-05
- 收稿：2024-10-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
贺漫青, 郜小帅, 张超, 等. 外科学专业型硕士研究生手术机器人基础培训课程的方案构建与应用[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2026, 25(1): 91-95.

He Manqing, Gao Xiaoshuai, Zhang Chao, et al. Construction and application of a training course and scheme on Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery for professional master's students in surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 25(1): 91-95.
贺漫青, 郜小帅, 张超, 等. 外科学专业型硕士研究生手术机器人基础培训课程的方案构建与应用[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2026, 25(1): 91-95. DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20241025-02206.

He Manqing, Gao Xiaoshuai, Zhang Chao, et al. Construction and application of a training course and scheme on Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery for professional master's students in surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 25(1): 91-95. DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20241025-02206.

摘要

目的

探索以外科学专业型硕士研究生（后文简称外科专硕）为代表的低年资医师的机器人手术基础培训课程方案。

方法

以四川大学华西临床医学院2023级临床医学一年级在读外科专硕37人为培训对象，于2023年9月至12月开展机器人外科手术学基础课程36学时并考核，培训内容包括理论教学、手术观摩及见习、手术机器人装机培训、虚拟现实培训（镜头控制和离合控制）和干箱培训（套圈、夹珠和缝合打结）。

结果

全部受训专硕均完成5项操作培训并考核，全部训练项目考核成绩均优于第1次训练成绩[虚拟现实培训-镜头控制：（15.03±1.11） vs. （19.58±1.40），

=1.655；虚拟现实培训-离合控制：（15.22±1.21） vs. （19.25±1.24），

=0.759；干箱培训-套圈：（10.73±5.51） vs.（15.49±4.81），

=-0.159；干箱培训-夹珠：（13.38±3.14） vs. （17.49±4.11），

=0.015和干箱培训-缝合打结（6.00±6.42） vs. （11.05±3.28），

=-0.759，差异均具有统计学意义（

0.001）。37名受训专硕在教学目标达成度、课程方案满意度、教学创新性认同度、教学环境和硬件满意度、考核方案满意度、课程整体满意度6方面评分平均分均高于4分；虚拟现实培训和干箱培训的5个训练项目为最受欢迎的课程内容。

结论

机器人手术是微创外科未来的发展方向，有必要对外科专硕等低年资医师开展机器人手术基础培训，培训课程方案设置上应符合掌握学习理论，充分保障技能训练时长，根据教学对象实际情况预留灵活调整空间。同时，应进一步探索分层分级的机器人培训课程体系，实现从入门到精通的成长路径。

Abstract

Objective

To explore and practice the training course and scheme on Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery for junior physicians represented by the professional master's students in surgery.

Methods

A total of 37 first-year professional master's students in surgery enrolled in September to December 2023 at the West China School of Medicine

Sichuan University

participated in training and assessment in a 36-class hour course of Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery. The training included theoretical teaching

surgical observation and practice

surgical robot installation training

virtual reality training (camera control and clutch control)

and dry-box training (ring transfer

bead transfer

and suturing/knot-tying).

Results

All students completed five operational training modules and assessment. The assessment results of all training items were significantly improved compared to the first training [virtual reality training-camera control

(15.03±1.11) vs. (19.58±1.40)

=1.655; virtual reality training - clutch control

(15.22±1.21) vs. (19.25±1.24)

=0.759; dry-box training-ring transfer

(10.73±5.51) vs. (15.49±4.81)

=-0.159; dry-box training- bead transfer

(13.38±3.14) vs. (17.49±4.11)

=0.015; and dry-box training-suturing/knot-tying

(6.00±6.42) vs. (11.05±3.28)

=-0.759

]

. All differences reached statistical significance (

0.001). The average scores of 37 participants were above 4 in the six aspects of achievement of teaching objectives

satisfaction of course and scheme

recognition of teaching innovation

satisfaction of teaching environment and hardware

satisfaction of assessment scheme

and overall satisfaction of course. The five training items of virtual reality training and dry-box training were the most favored components of the course.

Conclusions

Robotic surgery represents the direction in the future development of minimally invasive surgery. It is necessary to carry out training of Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery for junior physicians such as professional master's students in surgery. The training course and scheme should conform to the master learning theory

fully guarantee the duration of skill training

and reserve flexible adjustment space according to the actual situation of teaching objects. Moreover

the hierarchical robot training course system should be further explored to support progressive skill acquisition from basic to advanced levels.

关键词

Keywords

references

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