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重庆医科大学附属儿童医院普外新生儿外科,儿童少年健康与疾病国家临床医学研究中心,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,结构性出生缺陷与器官修复重建重庆市重点实验室,重庆
王佚,E-mail:wy757311@Hotmail.com
收稿:2026-01-09,
修回:2026-03-24,
录用:2026-03-29,
纸质出版:2026-07-15
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刘媛媛,冯伟,侯金平,等.新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎显著增加败血症风险并恶化临床结局:一项1∶1匹配的病例-对照研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2026,48(13):1818-1826.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202601025.
LIU Y Y,FENG W,HOU J P,et al.Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis significantly increases sepsis risk and worsens clinical outcomes: a 1∶1 matched case-control study[J].J Army Med Univ,2026,48(13):1818-1826.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202601025.
刘媛媛,冯伟,侯金平,等.新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎显著增加败血症风险并恶化临床结局:一项1∶1匹配的病例-对照研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2026,48(13):1818-1826.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202601025. DOI:
LIU Y Y,FENG W,HOU J P,et al.Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis significantly increases sepsis risk and worsens clinical outcomes: a 1∶1 matched case-control study[J].J Army Med Univ,2026,48(13):1818-1826.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202601025. DOI:
目的
2
新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是新生儿尤其是早产儿的主要死亡原因,败血症是NEC发病后常见且严重的并发症。本研究旨在评估NEC患者中败血症的发病特点,并探讨败血症与NEC临床结局之间的联系。
方法
2
本研究为病例-对照研究,共纳入178例2022年4月至2023年12月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院普外新生儿外科诊断为NEC的患者,并按出生体质量、胎龄及性别1∶1匹配178例非NEC对照患者,根据是否出现败血症进行分组,采用单因素分析和逐步较正的多因素Logistic回归分析研究影响败血症发病的危险因素,并进一步分析败血症对NEC患者临床结局的影响。
结果
2
NEC组较对照组母亲妊娠年龄较大(
P
0.001),且合并先天性心脏病概率更高(
P
=0.002)。在356名患者中,共有120名败血症患者,单因素分析结果显示,胎龄较低、出生体质量较轻、5分钟Apgar评分≤7分以及NEC与败血症的发病潜在相关(
P
均0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析提示,NEC为败血症的危险因素(
OR
=2.042,95%
CI:
1.307~3.213,
P
=0.002)。逐步较正的多因素Logistic回归分析显示,在调整胎龄、出生体质量和5分钟Apgar评分后,NEC仍显著增加败血症出现的风险(
OR
=2.141,95%
CI
:1.345~3.436,
P
=0.001)。在NEC患者中,合并败血症的患者手术率显著高于未合并败血症者(52.70%
vs
14.42%,
P
0.001),死亡率亦显著升高(22.97%
vs
6.73%,
P
=0.002)。
结论
2
NEC显著增加败血症的发病风险并使患者面临更严峻的临床结局,提示NEC患者可能需要加强败血症的早期识别与监测,以改善其临床结局。
Objective
2
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) is a leading cause of death in neonates
especially in preterm infants. Sepsis is a common and severe complication after NEC onset. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of sepsis development in NEC patients and to explore the association between sepsis and clinical outcomes of NEC.
Methods
2
This case-control study enrolled 178 neonates diagnosed with NEC admitted in our hospital from April 2022 to December 2023
who were matched 1∶1 with 178 non-NEC controls by birth weight
gestational age
and sex. All neonates were grouped according to the presence or absence of sepsis. Univariate analysis and stepwise-adjusted multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze risk factors for sepsis. The impact of sepsis on clinical outcomes in NEC patients was analyzed.
Results
2
The NEC group exhibited significantly older maternal gestational age(
P
0.001) and a higher prevalence of congenital heart disease(
P
0.02) compared with the control group. Among the 356 neonates
120 developed sepsis. Univariate analysis indicated that younger gestational age
lower birth weight
5-minute Apgar score≤7
and NEC were potentially associated with sepsis(all
P
0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that NEC was a risk factor for sepsis(
OR
=2.042
95%
CI
: 1.307 to 3.213
P
=0.002). Stepwise-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gestational age
birth weight
and 5-min Apgar score
NEC remained a significant risk factor for sepsis(
OR
=2.141
95%
CI
: 1.345 to 3.436
P
=0.001). Among the NEC neonates
those with sepsis had a significantly higher surgical rate(52.70%
vs
14.42%
P
0.001) and an increased mortality rate(22.97%
vs
6.73%
P
=0.002) than those without sepsis.
Conclusion
2
NEC significantly increases the risk of sepsis and leads to more adverse clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that NEC patients may require enhanced early identification and monitoring of sepsis to improve their clinical outcomes.
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