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1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):高原军事医学系寒区医学教研室,极端环境医学教育部重点实验室
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):高原军事医学系寒区医学教研室,护理系临床护理学教研室
3.Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
谭小玲,E-mail:tanxl0511@163.com
收稿:2025-10-10,
修回:2025-12-02,
录用:2025-12-16,
纸质出版:2026-01-15
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黄榆杰,黄玲芳,郑明海,等.慢性低氧通过肝因子ANGPTL3介导的线粒体损伤与脂肪产热抑制降低耐寒能力[J].陆军军医大学学报,2026,48(01):54-62.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510098.
HUANG Y J,HUANG L F,ZHEGN M H,et al.Chronic hypoxia reduces cold tolerance via hepatic ANGPTL3-driven mitochondrial damage and adipose thermogenesis suppression[J].J Army Med Univ,2026,48(01):54-62.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510098.
黄榆杰,黄玲芳,郑明海,等.慢性低氧通过肝因子ANGPTL3介导的线粒体损伤与脂肪产热抑制降低耐寒能力[J].陆军军医大学学报,2026,48(01):54-62.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510098. DOI:
HUANG Y J,HUANG L F,ZHEGN M H,et al.Chronic hypoxia reduces cold tolerance via hepatic ANGPTL3-driven mitochondrial damage and adipose thermogenesis suppression[J].J Army Med Univ,2026,48(01):54-62.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510098. DOI:
目的
2
探讨肝因子血管生成素样蛋白3(angiopoietin-like 3,ANGPTL3)在慢性低氧暴露导致耐寒能力下降中的作用及机制。
方法
2
①7~8周龄、体质量220~260 g的雄性SD大鼠随机分为(
n
=20):常氧组[N组,海拔308 m、(24.0±0.5)℃常氧环境饲养]和低氧组[H组,模拟海拔5 800 m、(24.0±0.5)℃低压氧舱饲养],每组选取12只大鼠在腹腔埋入可测体温的植入子用于后续测核心体温(core body temperature
Tc)。②雄性SD大鼠随机分为(
n
=20):低氧(H)组和低氧+ANGPTL3抑制剂(每周Vupanorsen 2 mg/kg腹腔注射1次)干预(H+V)组,每组选取12只大鼠在腹腔埋入可测体温的植入子用于后续测Tc,大鼠均于模拟海拔5 800 m、(24.0±0.5)℃低压氧舱饲养。6周后,每组取未埋入植入子的8只大鼠采集血液及肝组织,自动生化分析仪测定血清谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase
AST)水平,ELISA法检测血液肝因子水平,透射电镜观察肝细胞线粒体形态,Western blot检测肝组织ANGPTL3蛋白水平。每组埋入植入子的12只大鼠分别置于低氧寒冷环境(模拟海拔5 800 m、6 ℃)下24 h或置于常氧寒冷环境(海拔308 m、-10 ℃)下6 h,用生理信号遥测系统检测Tc以评价耐寒能力,Western blot检测皮下白色脂肪组织的解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1)蛋白水平以评估白色脂肪棕色化程度。
结果
2
①与低氧常温环境(5 800 m、24 ℃)暴露相比,H组大鼠在低氧寒冷环境(5 800 m、6 ℃)暴露后的Tc显著降低(
P
<
0.05)。②常氧寒冷环境下(308 m、-10 ℃、6 h),N组和H组大鼠Tc均显著下降,且H组Tc显著低于N组(
P
<
0.05)。③与N组相比,H组大鼠血清ANGPTL3水平显著增加(
t
=7.3,
df
=10,95%
CI
:2.553~2.687,
P
<
0.000 1),肝脏ANGPTL3蛋白水平也显著增加(
t
=6.532,
df
=10,95%
CI
:26.98~54.92,
P
<
0.000 1)。④与H组相比,H+V组大鼠血清ANGPTL3水平显著降低(
t
=7.803,
df
=10,95%
CI
:-196.8~-109.4,
P
=0.000 4),肝脏ANGPTL3蛋白水平也显著降低(
t
=3.514,
df
=10,95%
CI
:-66.14~-14.81,
P
=0.006)。⑤在常氧寒冷环境暴露(308 m、-10 ℃、6 h),H组和H+V组大鼠Tc均显著下降,且H+V组Tc显著高于H组(95%
CI
:-0.629~-0.452,
P
=0.000 4)。⑥在低氧寒冷环境暴露(5 800 m、6 ℃、24 h),H组和H+V组大鼠Tc均显著下降,且H+V组Tc显著高于H组(95%
CI
:-0.568~-4.431,
P
=0.018 1)。⑦与N组相比,H组大鼠肝细胞线粒体形态结构明显损伤、血清AST水平显著升高(
t
=14.15,
df
=14,95%
CI
:51.61~70.04,
P
<
0.000 1)。⑧与H组相比,H+V组大鼠肝细胞线粒体形态结构显著改善、血清AST水平显著下降(
t
=4.879,
df
=14,95%
CI
:-47.24~-18.39,
P
=0.000 2)。⑨在低氧寒冷环境暴露(5 800 m、6 ℃、24 h)后,与H组相比,H+V组大鼠皮下白色脂肪组织中UCP1蛋白水平显著增加(
t
=2.26,
df
=10,95%
CI
:0.849~118.1,
P
=0.047)。
结论
2
慢性低氧暴露可促使肝脏ANGPTL3水平增加并释放入血,进而通过损伤肝细胞线粒体以及抑制白色脂肪棕色化潜能,导致耐寒能力下降。
Objective
2
To investigate the role and mechanism of hepatic-derived angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) in mediating reduced cold tolerance induced by chronic hypoxic exposure.
Methods
2
① Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (7 to 8 weeks old
weighing 220 to 260 g) were randomly divided into a normoxic group (N
housed at an ambient condition of altitude 308 m and 24.0±0.5 ℃) and a hypoxic group (H
housed in a hypobaric hypoxic chamber of simulating an altitude 5 800 m and 24.0±0.5 ℃)
with 20 rats in each group. Twelve rats from each group were implanted intraperitoneally with temperature-sensing transponders for subsequent measurement of core body temperature (Tc). ② Male SD rats were randomly divided into (
n
=20 per group): a hypoxic (H) group and a hypoxic+ANGPTL3 inhibitor [Vupanorsen 2 mg/(kg·w)
]
intervention (H+V) group. Twelve rats from each group were implanted intraperitoneally with temperature-sensing transponders for subsequent Tc measurement. The rats in the H and H+V groups were all housed in a hypobaric hypoxic chamber (simulated altitude 5 800 m
24.0±0.5 ℃). After 6 weeks
8 non-implanted rats per group were anesthetized for blood and liver tissue collection. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Blood levels of hepatic factors were detected with ELISA. Hepatic mitochondrial morphology was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hepatic ANGPTL3 protein level was quantified by Western blotting. The 12 implanted rats from each group were exposed to either a hypoxic cold environment (5 800 m
6 ℃ for 24 h) or a normoxic cold environment (308 m
-10 ℃ for 6 h). Tc was monitored using a physiological signal telemetry system to assess cold tolerance. Western blotting was used to detect the protein level uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in subcutaneous white adipose tissue as an indicator of browning potential.
Results
2
① Compared to normothermic hypoxia (5 800 m
24 ℃)
the group H exhibited a significant Tc decrease during hypoxic cold exposure (5 800 m
6 ℃) (
P
<
0.05). ② During normoxic cold exposure (308 m
-10 ℃
6 h)
Tc was significantly decreased in both groups N and H
and it was obviously lower in the group H than the group N (
P
<
0.05). ③ Compared to the N group
serum ANGPTL3 level (
t
=7.3
df
=10
95%
CI
: 2.553 to 2.687
P
<
0.000 1) and hepatic ANGPTL3 protein level (
t
=6.532
df
=10
95%
CI
: 26.98 to 54.92
P
<
0.000 1) were notably elevated in the group H. ④ Compared to the H group
serum ANGPTL3 level (
t
=7.803
df=10
95%
CI
: -196.8 to -109.4
P
=0.000 4) and hepatic ANGPTL3 protein level (
t
=3.514
df
=10
95%
CI
: -66.14 to -14.81.
P
=0.006) were remarkably decreased in the group H+V. ⑤ During normoxic cold exposure (308 m
-10 ℃
6 h)
Tc was significantly decreased in both groups H and H+V
with that of the group H+V significantly higher that of the group H (95%
CI
: -0.629 to -0.452
P
=0.000 4). ⑥ Under hypoxic cold exposure (5 800 m
6 ℃
24 h)
Tc was decreased significantly in both groups H and H+V
with that in the H+V group higher than that of the group H (95%
CI
: -0.568 to -4.431
P
=0.018 1). ⑦ Compared to the N group
hepatocyte mitochondrial morphology was significantly damaged and serum AST level was significantly increased (
t
=14.15
df
=14
95%
CI
:51.61 to 70.04
P
<
0.000 1) in the group H. ⑧ Compared to the group H
hepatocyte mitochondrial morphology was significantly improved and the serum AST level was significantly decreased (
t
=4.879
df
=14
95%
CI
: -47.24 to -18.39
P
=0.000 2) in the group H+V. ⑨ Following hypoxic cold exposure (5 800 m
6 ℃
24 h)
the protein level of UCP1 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue was significantly increased in the group H+V than the group H (
t
=2.26
df
=10
95%
CI
: 0.849 to 118.1
P
=0.047).
Conclusion
2
Chronic hypoxic exposure increases hepatic ANGPTL3 production and release into blood circulation
subsequently impairing cold tolerance. This effect is mediated through ANGPTL3-induced hepatic mitochondrial damage and suppression of white adipose tissue browning potential.
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