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1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院,营养科,重庆
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院,心血管外科,重庆
3.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系营养与食品安全研究中心,重庆市医学营养研究中心,营养与健康重庆市重点实验室,重庆
糜漫天,E-mail: mantian_mi@tmmu.edu.cn
王建,E-mail: wangjian_xq@tmmu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-10-11,
修回:2025-12-10,
纸质出版:2025-12-30
移动端阅览
辛文彬,白倩,倪向敏,等.复方营养制剂干预对心血管外科手术患者临床预后影响的随机对照研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(24):3089-3101.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510016.
XIN W B,BAI Q,NI X M,et al.Impact of compound nutritional preparations on clinical prognosis of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery: A randomized controlled study[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(24):3089-3101.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510016.
辛文彬,白倩,倪向敏,等.复方营养制剂干预对心血管外科手术患者临床预后影响的随机对照研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(24):3089-3101.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510016. DOI:
XIN W B,BAI Q,NI X M,et al.Impact of compound nutritional preparations on clinical prognosis of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery: A randomized controlled study[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(24):3089-3101.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510016. DOI:
目的
2
评估复方营养制剂对心血管外科手术患者术后伤口愈合、免疫功能、炎症反应、营养状况及肠屏障功能的影响,为创伤患者快速康复提供新的营养干预策略。
方法
2
将2024年9月至2025年1月在陆军军医大学第二附属医院心血管外科拟行开放性手术治疗且符合标准的65例患者采用密封信封法随机分为试验组(
n
=32)和对照组(
n
=33)。术后第1天起,两组均接受7天等能量等蛋白肠内营养支持,对照组予常规配方,试验组予含复方营养制剂配方。于术后第7天和第14天采用REEDA评分法评估伤口愈合情况。术前、术后第3天和第7天检测中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、白细胞(white blood cells,WBC)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)及白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)以评估机体炎症反应及应激状况;检测T淋巴细胞(CD3
+
、CD4
+
、CD8
+
)及血清免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)以评估患者免疫功能;检测血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、前白蛋白(prealbumin,PA)、总蛋白(total protein,TP)以评估患者营养状况;检测血清二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)、内毒素(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)及D-乳酸以评估患者肠屏障功能;术前及术后第7天行体成分分析,定量评估患者脂肪、肌肉等组织成分的分布与比例;比较2组患者术后感染性并
发症发生率及术后住院时间。
结果
2
最终60例完成研究(试验组和对照组各30例), 2组基线资料差异均无统计学意义(
P
>
0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组术后REEDA评分、术后感染性并发症发生率及住院时间显著降低(
P<
0.05),骨骼肌质量指数(skeletal muscle mass index,SMI)、50 kHz全身相位角显著升高(
P
<
0.05)。术后第3天,各指标组间差异均无显著统计学意义(
P
>
0.05);术后第7天,试验组CD3
+
、CD4
+
T细胞计数及血清PA水平显著高于对照组(
P
<
0.05),且CD3
+
、CD4
+
、CD8
+
T细胞计数及IgA存在显著组别×时间交互效应(
P
<
0.05)。试验组NLR、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、DAO、LPS、D-乳酸显著低于对照组(
P
<
0.05),且NLR、CRP、IL-6、DAO、D-乳酸存在显著的组别×时间交互效应(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
该复方营养制剂能促进心血管外科开放性手术患者伤口愈合,改善免疫功能及营养状况,减轻炎症反应,保护肠屏障功能,促进患者术后康复。
Objective
2
To evaluate the effects of a compound nutritional preparation on postoperative wound healing
immune function
inflammatory response
nutritional status
and intestinal barrier function in patients after cardiovascular surgery
so as to provide a new nutritional intervention strategy for rapid recovery of trauma patients.
Methods
2
From September 2024 to January 2025
65 eligible patients scheduled for open cardiovascular surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University were recruited
and randomly assigned
via
sealed envelopes to either an experimental group (
n
=32) or a control group (
n
=33). From the first day after operation
both groups received isocaloric and isonitrogenous enteral nutritional support for 7 d
and the control group was given a standard formula
while the experimental group took the compound nutritional preparation. Wound healing was assessed with REEDA scale on postoperative days 7 and 14. Inflammatory markers
including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
white blood cell (WBC) count
C-reactive protein (CRP)
TNF-α and IL-6 were measured preoperatively
and on postoperative days 3 and 7. Immune function was evaluated by T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3
+
CD4
+
CD8
+
) and serum immunoglobulins (IgA
IgG
IgM). Nutritional status was assessed
via
serum albumin (ALB)
prealbumin (PA)
and total protein (TP). Intestinal barrier function was indicated by serum levels of diamine oxidase (DAO)
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-lactate. Body composition analysis was performed preoperatively and on postoperative day 7. Incidence of postoperative infectious complications and length of hospital stay were compared between the 2 groups.
Results
2
Finally
60 patients completed the whole study
with 30 participants in each group. No significant differences were found in baseline indicators between the 2 groups. When compared with the control group
the experimental group exhibited significantly lower postoperative REEDA scores
reduced incidence of infectious complications
and shorter length of hospital stay (
P
<
0.05)
along with obviously higher skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and 50 kHz whole-body phase angle (
P
<
0.05). On postoperative day 3
there were no significant differences in above indicator between the 2 groups (
P
>
0.05). On postoperative day 7
notably higher CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ T-cell counts and serum PA levels were observed in the experimental group than the control group (
P
<
0.05). Significant group × time interactions were observed in CD3⁺
CD4⁺
and CD8⁺ T-cell counts and IgA level (
P
<
0.05). Additionally
the experimental group had remarkably lower levels of NLR
CRP
TNF-α
IL-6
DAO
LPS
and D-lactate (
P
<
0.05)
with significant group×time interactions for NLR
CRP
IL-6
DAO
and D-lactate (
P
<
0.05). There existed significant group×time interactions in NLR
CRP
IL-6
DAO
and D-lactate.
Conclusion
2
The compound nutritional preparation can promote wound healing
improve immune function and nutritional status
attenuate the inflammatory response
protect intestinal barrier function
and thereby facilitate postoperative recovery in patients undergoing open cardiovascular surgery.
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