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1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院:,神经内科,重庆
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院:,血液内科,重庆
张佳思,E-mail:xnyyzjs@tmmu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-09-04,
修回:2025-11-28,
录用:2025-11-28,
纸质出版:2025-12-15
移动端阅览
汪萃,谭琳,张雪,等.外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型的构建及验证[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(23):3002-3008.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509021.
WANG C,TAN L,ZHANG X,et al.Development and validation of a risk prediction model for infiltration/extravasation in peripheral intravenous catheter therapy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(23):3002-3008.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509021.
汪萃,谭琳,张雪,等.外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型的构建及验证[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(23):3002-3008.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509021. DOI:
WANG C,TAN L,ZHANG X,et al.Development and validation of a risk prediction model for infiltration/extravasation in peripheral intravenous catheter therapy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(23):3002-3008.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509021. DOI:
目的
2
探究外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型的构建及验证。
方法
2
回顾性选取2023年1-6月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院内分泌科、神经内科、消化科、肝胆外科等科室完成《外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险评估表》填写的942例患者为研究对象,根据行外周静脉留置针的时间顺序按照2∶1的比例分为建模组(628例)和验证组(314例),建模组用于外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型的建立和内部验证,验证组用于模型的外部验证。根据Logistic评分法构建风险模型,霍斯默-莱梅肖(Hosmer-Lemeshow,HL)检验对所建立模型进行拟合优度检验,用ROC曲线评价模型预测价值。外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险评估包括年龄、性别、慢性病史、操作护理人员工作年限、输液治疗依从性、输液总量等21个因素。
结果
2
942例患者共48例(其中建模组31例,验证组17例)发生渗出/外渗,总发生率为5.10%;21个因素中除性别、BMI、凝血功能、操作护理人员工作年限等以外均为渗出/外渗的影响因素(
P
<
0.05),其中初中及以下文化、有慢性病史、依从性不好、穿刺血管为下肢静脉、输液总量≥1 00
0 mL、高渗/强酸/强碱等腐蚀性药物6个因素为独立危险因素(
P
<
0.05)。外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型为:Y=2×初中及以下文化+1×有慢性病史+1×依从性不好+1×穿刺血管(下肢静脉)+1×输液总量≥1 000 mL+2×高渗/强酸/强碱等腐蚀性药物。建模组ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.967(95%
CI
:0.936~0.998),特异性为0.911,敏感性为0.935,HL检验提示模型校准度良好(
χ²
=4.135,
P
=0.845);验证组AUC为0.939(95%
CI
:0.853~1.000),特异性为0.919,敏感性为0.941;HL检验显示模型拟合尚可(
χ²
=8.998,
P
=0.085)。
结论
2
外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗风险预测模型具有良好的区分度与校准度,可为临床识别出外周静脉留置针输液渗出/外渗高风险患者并提供针对性预防措施及有效工具。
Objective
2
To develop and validate a risk prediction model for infiltration/extravasation in peripheral intravenous catheter therapy.
Methods
2
This retrospective study analyzed 942 patients who completed the Infiltration/Extravasation Risk Assessment Form between January and June 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (including Departments of Neurology
Endocrinology
Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Surgery). Patients were allocated to a derivation cohort (
n
=628) and validation cohort (
n
=314) in a 2∶1 ratio based on catheterization chronology. The derivation cohort served for model development and internal validation
while the validation cohort underwent external validation. Logistic scoring method constructed the risk model
with Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test assessing goodness-of-fit and ROC curve evaluating predictive performance. Twenty-one potential risk factors were assessed
including age
gender
chronic diseases
clinician experience
treatment compliance
and total infusion volume.
Results
2
Infiltration/extravasation occurred in 48 cases (5.10% incidence: 31 derivation/17 validation). Among 21 factors
15 showed significant association (
P
<
0.05)
with 6 independent predictors: junior high school education or below
(
OR
=5.2)
chronic disease history (
OR
=3.1)
poor compliance (
OR
=2.8)
lower extremity venipuncture (
OR
=4.1)
total infusion ≥1 000 mL (
OR
=3.5)
and hyperosmotic/corrosive medications (
OR
=6.7). The final prediction model was: Y=2×(low education)+1×(chronic disease)+1×(poor compliance)+1×(lower extremity puncture)+1×(volume ≥1 000 mL)+2×(corrosive agents). For the derivation cohort
AUC was 0.967 (95%
CI
: 0.936~0.998)
specificity 0.911
sensitivity 0.935
with good calibration (
χ
²=4.135
P
=0.845). Validation cohort showed AUC 0.939 (0.853~1.000)
specificity 0.919
sensitivity 0.941
and acceptable calibration (
χ
²=8.998
P
=0.085).
Conclusion
2
This model demonstrates excellent discriminative ability and calibration
providing an effective tool for identifying high-risk patients and guiding targeted preventive strategies.
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