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1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)基础医学院:,基础医学教学实验中心,重庆
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)基础医学院:,组织胚胎学教研室,重庆
3.联勤保障部队第九二七医院神经内分泌风湿免疫科,云南普洱
余 梦,E-mail:ymqs0909@yeah.net
李红丽,E-mail:lihongli@tmmu.edu.cn
收稿日期:2025-07-24,
修回日期:2025-09-01,
录用日期:2025-09-02,
纸质出版日期:2025-09-30
移动端阅览
杨艺,阮艳,张俊磊,等.基于CRISPR-Cas9敲除系统的胚胎干细胞基态多能性退出调控基因的筛选与鉴定[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2223-2236.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507082.
YANG YI,RUAN YAN,ZHANG JUNLEI,et al.Screening and identification of genes for exiting naïve pluripotency in embryonic stem cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 knockout system[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2223-2236.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507082.
杨艺,阮艳,张俊磊,等.基于CRISPR-Cas9敲除系统的胚胎干细胞基态多能性退出调控基因的筛选与鉴定[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2223-2236.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507082. DOI:
YANG YI,RUAN YAN,ZHANG JUNLEI,et al.Screening and identification of genes for exiting naïve pluripotency in embryonic stem cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 knockout system[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2223-2236.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507082. DOI:
目的
2
系统性鉴定调控胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells, ESC)基态多能性退出的关键基因,为深入解析多能性状态转换及早期细胞命运决定机制提供新靶点和理论依据。
方法
2
利用全基因组Brie敲除文库感染Nanog-绿色荧光蛋白(Nanog-green fluorescent protein,Nan
og-GFP)报告基因标记的ESC,在白血病抑制因子/血清(leukemia inhibitory factor/serum,LIF/S)条件下持续培养14 d;通过流式细胞术分选Nanog-GFP⁺(基态)与Nanog-GFP⁻(始发态)细胞群,提取基因组DNA进行高通量测序;采用MAGeCK软件分析GFP⁻/Input、GFP
+
/Input与GFP⁺/GFP⁻组的差异基因,利用Metascape和基因集富集分析(Gene Set Enrichment Analysis,GSEA)进行功能富集分析;基于筛选结果构建候选基因敲除模型,通过细胞形态观察、
Nanog
阳性率检测、克隆形成实验及分子标志物检测评估候选基因功能。
结果
2
在GFP⁺/Input筛选中,鉴定出2 921个负向变化基因(主要富集于RNA代谢、细胞周期等基础生命过程)和1 393个正向变化基因(主要富集于神经系统发育、糖代谢和脉管系统发育等过程)。在GFP
-
/Input筛选中,鉴定到2 765个负向变化基因(主要富集于RNA代谢、细胞周期等基础生命过程)和1 303个正向变化基因(主要富集于神经发育、细胞存活、内皮迁移等过程)。在GFP⁺/GFP
-
筛选中,鉴定出1 001个负向变化基因[主要参与细胞应激响应和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路抑制]和983个正向变化基因[主要参与成纤维细胞生长因子/细胞外信号调节激酶(fibroblast growth factor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase,FGF/ERK)信号通路和糖代谢过程],其中不仅包括已知的多能性维持因子(如
Nanog
、
Nr5a2
、
Klf2
、
Klf4
)及多能性退出相关基因(如
Gata6
、
Grb2
、
Zeb1
、
Fgfr1
),还包括一些在基态多能性退出过程中功能尚未明确的基因(如
Dmrt1
、
Rxra
、
Zbtb14
和
Tmem41b
)。候选基因功能验证显示,瞬时敲除
Dmrt1
、
Tmem41b
和
Hic2
的ESC中
Nanog
⁺细胞比例显著升高(
P
<
0.01),表明这些基因可能抑制基态多能性退出。
Dmrt1
稳定敲除使ESC呈现更基态的表型,表现为克隆形态变紧密、呈穹隆状,未分化克隆比例增加(
P
<
0.01),基态多能性标志基因(如
Nanog
、
Nr5a2
、
Dppa3
)表达上调(
P
<
0.01),而始发态标志基因(如
Fgf5
、
Lefty1
、
Dnmt3b
)表达下调(
P
<
0.01)。回复表达
Dmrt1
可逆转上述表型。
结论
2
本研究通过全基因组CRISPR-Cas9筛选鉴定出调控ESC基态多能性退出的候选基因集,明确
Dmrt1
在促进ESC基态多能性退出过程中的关键作用。
Objective
2
To systematically identify the key genes regulating the exit from naïve pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in order to provide novel targets and theoretical insights into the mechanisms for pluripotency transition and early cell fate determination.
Methods
2
Nanog-green fluorescent protein (Nanog-GFP) reporter-labeled ESCs were infected with a genome-wide Brie knockout library
and further cultured under leukemia inhibitory factor/serum (LIF/S) conditions for 14 d. Flow cytometry was used to sort Nanog-GFP⁺(naïve-state) and Nanog-GFP
-
(primed state) cell populations
followed by genomic DNA extraction and high-throughput sequencing. Model-based Analysis of Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout (MAGeCK) was applied to identify differential genes between GFP⁻/Input
GFP⁺/Input
and GFP⁺/GFP⁻ groups. Metascape and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted for functional enrichment analysis. Then the obtained candidate genes were employed to construct knockout models
and their roles were assessed through cell morphology observation
Nanog-positive rate detection
colony formation assays
and pluripotency gene expression analysis.
Results
2
The GFP⁺/Input screening revealed 2 921 negatively regulated genes (mainly enriched in basic life processes
such as RNA metabolism and cell cycle) and 1 393 positively regulated genes (enriched in the processes of nervous system development
carbohydrate metabolism
and vascular system development). In the GFP⁻/Input screening
2 765 negatively regulated genes (enriched in RNA metabolism
cell cycle
and other fundamental processes) and 1 303 positively regulated genes (enriched in neural development
cell survival
and endothelial migration) were identified. The GFP⁺/GFP⁻ comparison identified 1 001 negatively regulated genes [involved in stress response and inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling
]
and 983 positively regulated genes [related to fibroblast growth factor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (FGF/ERK) signaling pathway and glucose metabolism). These genes
were not only known pluripotency regulators (
e.g.
Nanog
Nr5a2
Klf2
Klf4
) and exit-associated genes (
e.g.
Gata6
Grb2
Zeb1
Fgfr1
)
but also some novel candidates (
e.g.
Dmrt1
Rxra
Zbtb14
and
Tmem41b
). Functional validation showed that transient knockout of
Dmrt1
Tmem41b
and
Hic2
significantly increased the proportion of
Nanog
⁺ cells (
P
<
0.01)
suggesting their role in suppressing ground-state exit. ESCs with stable
Dmrt1
knockout exhibited a more naïve-state phenotype
presenting compact
dome-shaped colonies
with increased ratio of undifferentiated colonies (
P
<
0.01)
up-regulation of ground-state markers (
Nanog
Nr5a2
Dppa3
P
<
0.01)
and down-regulation of primed-state markers (
Fgf5
Lefty1
Dnmt3b
P
<
0.01). Rescue experiments for
Dmrt1
expression reversed these above phenotypes.
Conclusion
2
A candidate gene set regulating exit from naïve pluripotency in ESC is screened out and identified with genome-wide CRISPR. Our findings implicate
Dmrt1
plays a critical role in promoting the exit.
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