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1.重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,重庆
2.重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心,重庆
3.高致病性病原微生物重庆市重点实验室,重庆
肖 虹,E-mail: 100120@cqmu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-07-18,
修回:2025-10-22,
录用:2025-10-23,
纸质出版:2025-11-15
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宗华,李彩云,龚玲玉,等.基于分子分型监测的大肠埃希菌耐药性分析与公共卫生防控策略[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(21):2706-2716.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507058.
ZONG H,LI C Y,GONG L Y,et al.Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli based on molecular typing and public health prevention and control strategy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(21):2706-2716.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507058.
宗华,李彩云,龚玲玉,等.基于分子分型监测的大肠埃希菌耐药性分析与公共卫生防控策略[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(21):2706-2716.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507058. DOI:
ZONG H,LI C Y,GONG L Y,et al.Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli based on molecular typing and public health prevention and control strategy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(21):2706-2716.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507058. DOI:
目的
2
采用多种分子分型技术联合分析细菌性感染相关大肠埃希菌(
Escherichia coli
,
E.coli
)的特征,为临床用药安全性管理提供参考。
方法
2
收集2021年重庆市某区部分细菌性感染相关病例样本,采用完全随机方法选择30株
E.coli
进行
phoA
基因PCR鉴定,采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE)、多位点序列分析(multilocus sequence typing, MLST)分析菌株的分子分型,采用药敏试验分析菌株的耐药性,选择4种编码
β
-内酰胺酶的基因(
blaCTX-M、blaTEM、blaSHV、blaZ
)分析菌株的耐药基因携带情况。
结果
2
30株
E.coli
均出现
phoA
基因目的条带。PFGE带型图谱显示条带相似度为50%~98%,按照相似度分为8聚类,其中C聚类为优势菌群,占比达53.3%(16/30);C1/C2属于高度相关的菌株,存在亲缘关系。1株
E.coli
的MLST未分出型别,其余29株可分为16种ST型,呈多态性分布;其中10株(33.33%)为ST131,但进化分析显示同为ST131也存在不同分支,亲缘关系远近不一。药敏试验结果显示30株
E.coli
表现出不同程度耐药,对
β
-内酰胺类的氨苄西林耐药率(83.33%)最高;其中多重耐药菌(multidrug-resistant bacteria,MDRB)为18株(60.0%),表现出16种耐药谱型,其分布呈分散态势,无明显优势耐药谱型;MDRB中50.0%(9/18)为六重耐药,最严重的一株为八重耐药。30株
E.coli
中
blaCTX-M
基因携带率为86.67%(26/30),但无
blaZ
基因。
结论
2
重庆市某区细菌性感染相关
E.coli
的PFGE和MLST分子分型呈多态性分布,存在较严重的耐药情况。联合应用多种分型技术,可以揭示致病菌的遗传多样性、进化关系和耐药性等特征。对策 建议通过强化致病菌分子分型与耐药监测网络、建立预警机制并分级管控抗菌药物,以提升对ST131等重点耐药菌的靶向防控与疫情溯源能力。
Objective
2
The pathogenic characteristics of
Escherichia coli
(
E.coli
) in bacterial infections were analyzed using a combination of multiple molecular typing techniques in order to provide evidence for the management of clinical medication safety.
Methods
2
Samples from some bacterial infection-related cases in a district of Chongqing in 2021 were collected. A total of 30
E.coli
strains were selected by a completely random method
and
phoA
gene PCR assay was performed for identification. Molecular typing of the strains was analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to determine the drug resistance of the strains
and four
β
-lactamase-encoding genes (
blaCTX-M
blaTEM
blaSHV
blaZ
) were selected to detect the carriage of resistance genes.
Results
2
All 30
E.coli
strains displayed the
phoA
gene target band. Their PFGE banding patterns
with a similarity of 50%~98%
could be classified into 8 clusters. Cluster C was the dominant group
accounting for 53.3% (16/30). C1 and C2 exhibited high genetic correlation
indicating a close phylogenetic rel
ationship. One
E.coli
strain could not be assigned a sequence type (ST) by MLST
while the remaining 29
E.coli
isolates were classified into 16 different STs
demonstrating a polymorphic distribution. Among them
10 isolates belonged to ST131 (10/30
33.33%). Evolutionary analysis of the 10 ST131
E.coli
strains revealed their distribution across different branches
indicating varying degrees of genetic relatedness. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all 30
E.coli
strains exhibited varying degrees of resistance
with the highest resistance rate observed against the
β
-lactam antibiotic ampicillin (25/30
83.33%). Among them
60.0% were multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). These MDRB strains exhibited 16 distinct resistance profiles
displaying a scattered distribution without a dominant resistance pattern. 50.0% (9/18) of the MDRB strains exhibited six-drug resistance
while the most drug-resistant strain showed eight-drug resistance. Furthermore
the
blaCTX-M
gene carriage rate among the 30
E.coli
strains was 86.67% (26/30)
while no
blaZ
gene was detected.
Conclusion
2
E.coli
related to bacterial infections from a Chongqing district exhibited diverse PFGE/MLST patterns and significant drug resistance. The application of multiple molecular typing techniques can reveal the genetic diversity
evolutionary relationships
and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria. Countermeasures It is recommended to enhance the molecular typing and drug resistance surveillance network for pathogenic bacteria
establish an early warning mechanism
and implement hierarchical management of antibiotics
thereby improving targeted prevention and epidemic traceability capabilities for key drug-resistant bacteria such as ST131.
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