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1.兰州大学:,第一临床医学院,甘肃兰州
2.兰州大学:,第一医院血液科,甘肃兰州
刘蓓,Email: liubei@lzu.edu.cn
收稿日期:2025-07-05,
修回日期:2025-09-05,
录用日期:2025-09-08,
纸质出版日期:2025-09-30
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于晓达,郭建刚,王安安,等.核仁磷酸蛋白1突变的分子异质性对急性髓系白血病预后的影响[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2237-2244.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507019.
YU XIAODA,GUO JIANGANG,WANG ANAN,et al.Impact of molecular heterogeneity of NPM1 mutations on prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia: a clinical report of 86 cases[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2237-2244.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507019.
于晓达,郭建刚,王安安,等.核仁磷酸蛋白1突变的分子异质性对急性髓系白血病预后的影响[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2237-2244.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507019. DOI:
YU XIAODA,GUO JIANGANG,WANG ANAN,et al.Impact of molecular heterogeneity of NPM1 mutations on prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia: a clinical report of 86 cases[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2237-2244.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202507019. DOI:
目的
2
探讨核仁磷酸蛋白1突变(nucleophosmin 1-mutated,
NPM1
m)的分型、变异等位基因频率(variant allele frequency, VAF)、共突变等对急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia, AML)患者预后的影响。
方法
2
回顾性分析2017年6月至2024年9月就诊于兰州大学第一医院血液科86例
NPM1
m-AML患者的临床资料及基因突变信息与生存情况,相关性分析采用Spearman相关系数,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Log-rank检验,使用Cox回归分析探究生存影响因素。
结果
2
NPM1
m分型为罕见分型(Rares型)的患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)较ABD型缩短(中位OS:164天
vs
416天,
P
=0.043)。
NPM1
m VAF值与初诊外周血白细胞计数、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)含量呈正相关(
P
<
0.05),VAF≥0.37时OS缩短(中位OS:164天
vs
730天,
P
=0.003)。合并骨髓增生异常相关基因(myelodysplasia-related gene,
MR
)突变较
MR
野生型预后差(中位OS:45天
vs
395天,
P
<
0.001)、FMS样酪氨酸激酶3内部串联重复(FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication,
FLT3-ITD
)及
DNMT3A
三突变较非三突变预后差(中位OS:173 d
vs
483 d,
P
=0.007)。合并
PTPN11
突变改善预后(中位OS:395 d
vs
240 d,
P
=0.027),而合并
N/KRAS
突变较野生型患者呈现出预后更好的趋势(中位OS:662 d
vs
189 d,
P
=0.070),但差异无统计学意义。多因素Cox分析显示LDH(
HR
=1.002,95%
CI
:1.000~1.003,
P
=0.005)、
NPM1
m VAF值(
HR
=2.415,95%
CI
:1.208~4.829,
P
=0.013)、Rares型(
HR
=3.037,95%
CI
:1.134~8.136,
P
=0.027)、
MR
突变(
HR
=5.283,95%
CI
:1.991~14.017,
P
<
0.001)为患者OS相关的独立危险因素。
结论
2
NPM1
m-AML的预后分层需结合
NPM1
m的分子异质性,Rares型、VAF≥0.37、合并
FLT3-ITD
及
DNMT3A
突变、
MR
突变是不良预后因素,合并
PTPN11
突变改善患者预后,合并
N/KRAS
显示出预后更好的趋势。LDH、
NPM1
m VAF值、Rares型、
MR
突变是影响
NPM1
m-AML患者OS的独立危险因素。
Objective
2
To investigate the impact of nucleophosmin 1-mutated (
NPM1
m) subtypes
variant allele frequency (VAF) and co-mutations on the survival outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Methods
2
Clinical data
mutation status
and outcomes of 86
NPM1
m-AML patients admitted in Department of Hematology
First Hospital of Lanzhou University between June 2017 and September 2024 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis
Kaplan-Meier curve analysis
Log-rank test
and Cox regression analysis was applied for correlation analysis
survival analysis
and factors affecting survival.
Results
2
The overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in the Rares subtype of
NPM1
m than the ABD subtype (median OS: 164 d
vs
416 d
P
=0.043). The VAF of
NPM1
m
was positively correlated with the initial peripheral blood white blood cell count and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (
P
<
0.05). OS was reduced when VAF was ≥0.37 (median OS: 164 d
vs
730 d
P
=0.003). The presence of myelodysplasia-related gene (
MR
) mutations was associated with a poorer prognosis when compared to the
MR
wild-type (median OS: 45 d
vs
395 d
P
<
0.001). The triple mutation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (
FLT3-ITD
) and
DNMT3A
also indicated a worse prognosis than the non-triple mutation (median OS: 173 d
vs
483 d
P
=0.007). The presence of
PTPN11
mutations was associated with improved OS (median OS: 395 d
vs
240 d
P
=0.027)
while the patients with coexistence of N/KRAS mutations trended toward better prognosis than the wild-type patients (median OS: 662 d
vs
189 d) though no statistical significance (
P
=0.070). Multivariate analysis revealed that LDH (
HR
=1.002
95%
CI
: 1.000~1.003
P
=0.005)
NPM1
m VAF (
HR
=2.415
95%
CI
: 1.208~4.829
P
=0.013)
Rares subtype (
HR
=3.037
95%
CI
: 1.134~8.136
P
=0.027)
and
MR
mutations (
HR
=5.283
95%
CI
: 1.991~14.017
P
<
0.001) were independent risk factors associated with OS in the patients.
Conclusion
2
Molecular heterogeneity of
NPM1
m should be taken into account in prognostic stratification of
NPM1
m-AML. Factors including the Rares subtype
VAF≥0.37
coexistence of
FLT3-ITD
and
DNMT3A
mutations
and
MR
mutations are associated with poor prognosis of
NPM1
m-AML. The presence of
PTPN11
mutations improves the prognosis
while the presence of
N/KRAS
mutations shows a trend toward better prognosis. LDH
NPM1
m VAF
Rares subtype
and
MR
mutations are independent risk factors affecting OS of patients with
NPM1
m-AML.
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