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1.解放军总医院:,第一医学中心普通外科医学部,北京
2.解放军总医院:,卫勤训练中心,北京
3.解放军医学院,北京
皮红英, E-mail:phy301@sina.cn
收稿日期:2025-04-16,
修回日期:2025-07-07,
纸质出版日期:2025-07-30
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刘娜,皮红英,高娜,等.直肠癌预防性造口患者盆底肌训练依从性现状及影响因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(14):1660-1669.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202504065.
LIU N,PI H Y,GAO N,et al.Current status and influencing factors of pelvic floor muscle training adherence in rectal cancer patients with prophylactic ostomy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(14):1660-1669.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202504065.
刘娜,皮红英,高娜,等.直肠癌预防性造口患者盆底肌训练依从性现状及影响因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(14):1660-1669.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202504065. DOI:
LIU N,PI H Y,GAO N,et al.Current status and influencing factors of pelvic floor muscle training adherence in rectal cancer patients with prophylactic ostomy[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(14):1660-1669.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202504065. DOI:
目的
2
调查直肠癌预防性造口患者预防低位前切除术综合征(low anterior resection syndrome,LARS)盆底肌训练依从性现状并分析其影响因素。
方法
2
选取2024年1月至2025年2月在京津冀地区22家三级甲等医院普外科或胃肠外科行直肠癌保肛手术后成功行预防性造口还纳手术的247例患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、LARS知信行及需求问卷、盆底肌训练自我效能量表、盆底肌训练依从性问卷进行横断面调查,通过单因素分析、相关性分析筛选变量,LASSO回归与随机森林重要性排序进行特征变量选择,再对有意义的变量进行多重线性回归分析。
结果
2
247例患者预防LARS盆底肌训练依从性总体均分为(14.52±4.18)分,随机森林算法结果显示,当λ值为2.293时误差最小,对应的影响因素数目为7个,重要性排序居前7位的自变量为盆底肌训练自我效能、知信行总分、文化程度、主要照护者、肿瘤位置、造口还纳时间、放化疗。多重线性回归分析结果显示,盆底肌训练自我效能(
P
<
0.001,
β
=0.007, 95%
CI
:0.004~0.009)、知信行总分(
P
<
0.001,
β
=0.052,95%
CI
:0.035~0.070)、造口还纳时间(
P
<
0.030,
β
=-0.539, 95%
CI
:-1.025~-0.
053)、放化疗(
P
<
0.045,
β
=-0.451, 95%
CI
:0.010~0.892)是直肠癌预防性造口患者盆底肌训练依从性的相关因素(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
直肠癌预防性造口患者盆底肌训练依从性处于中等水平,盆底肌训练自我效能、知信行总分、造口还纳时间、放化疗与盆底肌训练依从性密切相关。
Objective To investigate the current status of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) adherence for preventing low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) in rectal cancer patients with prophylactic ostomy and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 247 patients who underwent preventive stoma reversal surgery after sphincter-preserving rectal cancer resection between January 2024 and February 2025 at 22 tertiary hospitals in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were recruited in this study. Their clinical data were collected through a general information questionnaire
a LARS Knowledge-Attitude-Practice and Needs questionnaire
a PFMT Self-Efficacy Scale
and a PFMT Adherence Questionnaire. Univariate analysis
correlation analysis
LASSO regression
and random forest importance ranking were applied to screen the variables
and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the significant variables. Results The overall PFMT adherence score was 14.52±4.18 among the 247 patients. The random forest algorithm identified 7 key predictors when the minimum error was achieved at a λ value of 2.293. The top 7 variables in importance ranking were PFMT self-efficacy
total knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) score
education level
primary caregiver
tumor location
stoma reversal time
and chemoradiotherapy. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that PFMT self-efficacy (
P
<
0.001
β
=0.007
95%
CI
: 0.004~0.009)
total KAP score (
P
<
0.001
β
=0.052
95%
CI
: 0.035~0.070)
stoma reversal time (
P
<
0.030
β
=-0.539
95%
CI
: -1
.025~-0.053)
and chemoradiotherapy (
P
<
0.045
β
=-0.451
95%
CI
: 0.010~0.892) were significant related factors of PFMT adherence (
P
<
0.05). Conclusion PFMT adherence for LARS prevention is at a moderate level in rectal cancer patients with prophylactic ostomy. Key factors such as PFMT self-efficacy
total KAP score
stoma reversal time
and chemoradiotherapy are significantly correlated with PFMT adherence.
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