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重庆市人民医院(重庆大学附属人民医院)耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,重庆
袁伟, E-mail: weiyuan175@sina.com
收稿日期:2025-02-05,
修回日期:2025-03-19,
纸质出版日期:2025-06-15
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陈知己,刘雪莱,周小清,等.出生后早期代谢型谷氨酸受体4在小鼠耳蜗毛细胞中的表达特征[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1227-1234.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502004.
CHEN Z J,LIU X L,ZHOU X Q,et al.Expression characteristics of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 in cochlear hair cells during early postnatal stages in mice[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1227-1234.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502004.
陈知己,刘雪莱,周小清,等.出生后早期代谢型谷氨酸受体4在小鼠耳蜗毛细胞中的表达特征[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1227-1234.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502004. DOI:
CHEN Z J,LIU X L,ZHOU X Q,et al.Expression characteristics of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 in cochlear hair cells during early postnatal stages in mice[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1227-1234.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502004. DOI:
目的
2
探究代谢型谷氨酸受体4(metabotropic glutamate receptor 4,mGluR4)在小鼠耳蜗基底膜的表达定位,及其从出生后至毛细胞突触成熟的表达变化。
方法
2
10只健康的3月龄C57BJ/6L野生型小鼠(5只雄鼠,5只雌鼠,体质量25~35 g)配对繁殖,分别选取出生后P1~P30不同日龄的小鼠,采用分频听觉脑干反应(auditory brainstem response, ABR)检测P12、P14、P16、P21、P30日龄小鼠在45.2、32.0、22.6、16.0、11.3、8.0、5.6和4.0 kHz的听反应阈,用免疫荧光标记联合激光共聚焦显微镜扫描耳蜗基底膜铺片。观察mGluR4与突触相关蛋白Ctbp2和Snap25的表达定位关系,以及统计随突触成熟发生的荧光斑数量变化。
结果
2
在小鼠ABR检测中发现,P12日龄小鼠在所有频率最大刺激声强度下均未能诱发出分化良好的波形,70%的P14日龄小鼠能够被至少1个频率的刺激声诱发出分化良好的Ⅰ波。在P14、P16、P21、P30日龄小鼠ABR测试中,50%的小鼠无法被45.2 kHz刺激声诱发出ABR波形,87.5%的小鼠无法被32.0 kHz刺激声诱发出ABR波形,其他频率的听反应阈随小
鼠日龄增加逐步降低。在基底膜铺片免疫荧光染色检测中发现,mGluR4表达于出生后的小鼠耳蜗基底膜,其荧光强度在内毛细胞(inner hair cell, IHC)强于外毛细胞(outer hair cell,OHC)。在P11小鼠的IHC中即能够检测到清晰明显的mGluR4荧光斑点,其存在于细胞表达Snap25的突触囊泡胞吐活性区,但与突触蛋白Ctbp2无明显共标。在突触区mGluR4的荧光斑点信号统计中,P30小鼠荧光斑点数量多于P14小鼠(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
在小鼠出生后早期,mGluR4在IHC突触区表达逐渐增加。随着突触功能成熟其可能参与囊泡胞吐调控,并可能通过自身药理特性抑制谷氨酸递质释放,影响突触可塑性。
Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) in the mouse cochlear basilar membrane and its dynamic changes during postnatal development until hair cell synaptic maturation. Methods Ten healthy 3-month-old C57BL/6L wild-type mice (5 males
5 females
25~35 g) were bred to obtain offspring. Cochlear samples from postnatal days 1~30 (P1~P30) were analyzed. Frequency-specific auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were measured at 45.2
32.0
22.6
16.0
11.3
8.0
5.6
and 4.0 kHz in P12
P14
P16
P21
and P30 mice. Immunofluorescence assay combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to scan cochlear whole-mount preparations. Spatiotemporal co-localization profiling of mGluR4 and synaptic markers Ctbp2 and Snap25 was observed
and quantitative comparisons of fluorescent puncta density were performed. Results ABR testing revealed undifferentiated waveforms in all P12 mice
while 70% of P14 mice exhibited well-defined Wave I. In P14
P16
P21 and P30
mice undergoing ABR testing
50% failed to exhibit ABR waveforms when stimulated by 45.2 kHz tones
and 87.5% showed no response to 32.0 kHz stimuli. Auditory response thresholds for other frequencies progressively decreased with increasing postnatal age. Immunolocalization demonstrated stronger mGluR4 expression in inner hair cells (IHCs) versus outer hair cells (OHCs). Distinct mGluR4 puncta were observed at IHC presynaptic active zones (co-localized with Snap25) as early as P11
but showed minimal overlap with CtBP2-labeled ribbons. Quantit
ative analysis revealed significantly higher mGluR4 puncta density at P30 compared to P14 synapses (
P
<
0.05). Conclusion Postnatal upregulation of mGluR4 at IHC synaptic regions correlates with functional maturation. These findings suggest mGluR4 may modulate vesicular exocytosis regulation and exert pharmacological inhibition on glutamate release
potentially influencing synaptic plasticity during auditory pathway refinement.
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