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山西医科大学基础医学院,山西太原
王丽,E-mail: mirror0117@126.com
收稿日期:2024-12-29,
修回日期:2025-03-23,
纸质出版日期:2025-06-15
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薛灵霞,龙瑶琳,冯佳艳,等.血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体自身抗体-AT1R-Bmal1轴促进血管平滑肌细胞表型转换和血管纤维化[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1155-1164.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412142.
XUE L X,LONG Y L,FENG J Y,et al.Angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor autoantibody-AT1R-Bmal1 axis promotes phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular fibrosis[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1155-1164.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412142.
薛灵霞,龙瑶琳,冯佳艳,等.血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体自身抗体-AT1R-Bmal1轴促进血管平滑肌细胞表型转换和血管纤维化[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1155-1164.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412142. DOI:
XUE L X,LONG Y L,FENG J Y,et al.Angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor autoantibody-AT1R-Bmal1 axis promotes phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular fibrosis[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1155-1164.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412142. DOI:
目的
2
探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体(angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor, AT1R)自身抗体(AT1R autoantibody, AT1-AA)通过促进血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMCs)生物钟蛋白BMAL1异常表达诱导细胞表型转换以及血管纤维化的作用机制。
方法
2
将12只6~8周的SD雄性大鼠(体质量180~220 g)按随机数字表法分为2组(
n
=6):对照组以及使用AT1R细胞外第二环(extracellular loop Ⅱ of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 recep
tor, AT1R-ECLⅡ)主动免疫SD大鼠建立的AT1-AA阳性组。采用HE染色和Masson染色分别观察2组大鼠胸主动脉血管结构变化和纤维化情况(
n
=3)。采用Western blot检测血管组织以及原代VSMCs中纤维化标志蛋白Collagen Ⅰ、表型转换相关蛋白SM22、α-SMA、OPN以及MMP2的表达(
n
=4),此外,还检测了CT0、CT4、CT8、CT12、CT16、CT20时生物钟蛋白BMAL1的表达。通过Transwell实验和划痕实验检测VSMCs的增殖迁移能力(
n
=3),使用si-RNA技术敲低Bmal1后检测BMAL1、Collagen Ⅰ、表型转换相关蛋白的表达(
n
=3)。另外,构建AT1-AA阳性的AT1R敲除(AT1R-KO)大鼠模型使用Western blot检测其胸主动脉血管组织BMAL1的表达(
n
=4)。
结果
2
AT1-AA阳性大鼠胸主动脉血管壁增厚[(140±9)%
vs
(120±5)%,
P<
0.05],血管平滑肌细胞排列紊乱,Masson染色蓝染明显,且Collagen Ⅰ表达较Control组表达上调(
P<
0.05)。AT1-AA阳性大鼠胸主动脉以及AT1-AA处理的VSMCs中收缩表型相关蛋白α-SMA、SM22表达下降(
P<
0.05),合成表型相关蛋白OPN、MMP2表达上调(
P<
0.05);AT1-AA诱导VSMCs划痕愈合能力以及迁移能力都显著增强。进一步发现,Bmal1的mRNA表达(0.67±0.26
vs
1.03±0.17)以及蛋白表达(0.46±0.06
vs
0.85±0.26)均在CT12时显著上调(
P<
0.05),且Bmal1的节律性消失(
P<
0.05)。敲低BMAL1后,AT1-AA诱导的VSMCs表型转换现象得到部分改善。与AT1-AA阳性的WT大鼠比较,AT1-AA阳性的AT1R-KO大鼠胸主动脉血管中BMAL1表达明显降低(1.35±0.06
vs
0.86±0.07,
P<
0.001);细胞水平发现AT1-AA诱导的VSMCs表型转换及胶原蛋白Collagen Ⅰ高表达的现象在AT1R-KO的VSMCs中得到部分改善。
结论
2
AT1-AA通过AT1R-Bmal1轴促进VSMCs表型转换以及血管纤维化。
Objective To investigate the mechanism by which angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor autoantibody (AT1-AA) promotes phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and vascular fibrosis through abnormal expression of circadian clock protein BMAL1. Methods Twelve male SD rats (6~8 weeks old
weighing 180~220 g) were randomly divided into (
n
=6) a control group and an AT1-AA-positive group [established by active immunization of SD rats with AT1R extracellular loop Ⅱ peptide (AT1R-ECLⅡ)
]
. HE and Masson stainings were used to observe structural changes and fibrosis in the thoracic aorta (
n
=3). Western blotting
was performed to detect the expression of Collagen I
phenotypic switch-related proteins (SM22
α-SMA
OPN and MMP2) in vascular tissues and primary VSMCs (
n
=4)
as well as the expression of BMAL1 at CT0
CT4
CT8
CT12
CT16
and CT20. Transwell and scratch assays were used to assess the proliferation and migration of VSMCs (
n
=3). si-RNA was employed to knock down Bmal1
followed by detection of BMAL1
Collagen I
and phenotypic conversion-related protein expression (
n
=3). Additionally
AT1-AA-positive AT1R-knockout (AT1R-KO) rats were constructed to measure BMAL1 expression in thoracic aortic tissues (
n
=4). Results The AT1-AA-positive rats had significantly thickened thoracic aortic vessel wall [(140±9)%
vs
(120±5)%
P
<
0.05
]
badly arranged VSMCs
obvious blue Masson staining
and up-regulated Collagen I expression (
P
<
0.05). In the thoracic aorta of AT1-AA-positive rats and AT1-AA-treated VSMCs
the expression of contractile phenotype-related proteins (α-SMA
SM22) was decreased (
P
<
0.05)
while the expression of synthetic phenotype-related proteins (OPN
MMP2) was increased (
P
<
0.05). AT1-AA enhanced the scratch healing ability and migration ability of VSMCs. Furthermore
both mRNA and protein levels of Bmal1 were significantly up-regulated at CT12 (
P
<
0.05)
and the rhythmicity of Bmal1 was lost. Knockdown of Bmal1 partially ameliorated AT1-AA-induced phenotypic switch of VSMCs. Compared with AT1-AA-positive WT rats
AT1-AA-positive AT1R-KO rats showed significantly reduced BMAL1 expression in the thoracic aorta (1.35±0.06
vs
0.86±0.07,
P<
0.001). At the cellular level
AT1-AA-induced phenotypic switch and high Collagen I expression in VSMCs were partially improved in AT1R-KO VSMCs. Conclusion AT1-AA promotes VSMCs phenotypic conversion and vascular fibrosis through the AT1R-Bmal1 axis.
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