陆军直升机飞行人员寒区飞行错觉发生现状调查及影响因素分析

刘媛; 余静; 严军; 李森; 夏雨; 朱莹; 龙在云; 王海燕; 周阿香; 李玲; 杨策

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307098

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陆军直升机飞行人员寒区飞行错觉发生现状调查及影响因素分析

专题报道: 陆军航空医学 | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- 陆军直升机飞行人员寒区飞行错觉发生现状调查及影响因素分析
- Investigation of occurrence and influencing factors of flight illusions among army helicopter pilots in cold regions
- 陆军军医大学学报 2024年46卷第1期页码：39-45
- 作者机构：
  
  1.400042 重庆，陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)大坪医院特殊环境战伤防治研究室，创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室
  2.550004 贵阳，中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第925医院神经内科
- 作者简介：
  
  [杨策，E-mail：sepsismd@126.com YANG Ce, E-mail: sepsismd@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  创伤、烧伤与复合伤国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLKF202112);院士牵头科技创新引导专项(2022YSZX-JCX0015CSTB)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307098
  中图分类号： R339.55;R821.21;R852.32
- 收稿：2023-07-19，
  
  修回：2023-08-24，
  
  纸质出版：2024-01-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘媛, 余静, 严军, 等. 陆军直升机飞行人员寒区飞行错觉发生现状调查及影响因素分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2024,46(1):39-45.

Yuan LIU, Jing YU, Jun YAN, et al. Investigation of occurrence and influencing factors of flight illusions among army helicopter pilots in cold regions[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2024, 46(1): 39-45.
刘媛, 余静, 严军, 等. 陆军直升机飞行人员寒区飞行错觉发生现状调查及影响因素分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2024,46(1):39-45. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307098.

Yuan LIU, Jing YU, Jun YAN, et al. Investigation of occurrence and influencing factors of flight illusions among army helicopter pilots in cold regions[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2024, 46(1): 39-45. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307098.

摘要

目的

了解陆军直升机飞行人员在寒区飞行错觉的发生情况并探讨其影响因素与应对措施。

方法

运用“飞行错觉综合量表(Comprehensive flight illusion scales)”调查74名寒区陆军直升机飞行人员在2022年12月至2023年2月飞行错觉的发生情况、相关影响因素及应对飞行错觉的措施。通过SPSS 22.0软件统计分析各变量之间的差异和飞行错觉发生的影响因素。

结果

本次调查共发出问卷74份，收回74份，有效回收率100%。其中飞行错觉的发生率为32.43%。飞行时间与飞行错觉的发生差异具有统计学意义(

0.05)。在寒区发生率较高的3种飞行错觉分别为距离错觉(20.27%)、倾斜错觉(18.92%)和相对位置错觉(16.22%)；发生率较低的3种飞行错觉分别为：脱离现象(4.05%)、旋转错觉(4.05%)和倒飞错觉(2.70%)。飞行错觉发生后66.67%的人员出现紧张、感觉杆“搬不动”、头痛、头昏以及飞行后失眠等多种反应。陆军直升机飞行人员几乎都知晓并认同积极应对飞行错觉的处理方式，却有50%的人员认为可采用消极等待的方式。通过对影响飞行错觉发生的相关因素统计分析提示：除了飞行科目以外，与飞行员身心状态、外界环境和飞行活动相关的多种因素均影响飞行错觉的发生，且具有统计学差异(

0.05)。

结论

在寒区作业的陆军直升机飞行人员在冬季短时期内飞行错觉发生后会出现明显的心理和生理反应，他们的疲劳焦虑状态、气候、地形环境以及驾驶机型的座舱界面飞行参数与飞行错觉的发生相关。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the occurrence of flight illusions and explore its influencing factors and countermeasures in army aviators in cold regions.

Methods

Comprehensive Flight Illusion Scale was applied to investigate flight illusions

related influencing factors and countermeasures among 74 army aviators in cold regions from December 2022 to February 2023. SPSS 22.0 statistics was used for statistical analysis to compare the differences among variables and identify the influencing factors of flight illusions.

Results

For the 74 issued questionnaires

all of them were retrieved validly

with a rate of 100%. The incidence rate of flight illusions was 32.43%. There was a statistical difference between flight time and the occurrence of flight illusions (

0.05). There were 3 types of flight illusions with higher incidences in cold regions

that is distance illusion (20.27%)

tilt illusion (18.92%) and relative position illusion (16.22%). The 3 flight illusions with relatively lower incidences were detachment phenomenon (4.05%)

rotational illusion (4.05%)

and inverted flight illusion (2.70%). After occurrence of illusions

66.67% of the aviators experienced symptoms such as tension

"hard-to-move lever" headache

dizziness and post-flight insomnia. Almost all of the aviators were of fully awareness and acceptance of the active approaches to dealing with flight illusions

but still 50% of them believed that passive waiting intervention measures could be used. The results of statistical analysis on related influencing factors indicated that statistical differences were observed in all the listed items except flight subject with the occurrence of flight illusions (

0.05).

Conclusion

During short period flight in cold regions in winter

army aviators experience obvious psychological and physiological reactions after occurrence of flight illusions

and their anxiety and fatigue state

external climate and landform environment

and cabin interface and flight parameters are all related to the occurrence.

关键词

Keywords

references

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