陆军飞行人员作业效能提升研究现状与展望

朱莹; 杨策

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307083

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

陆军飞行人员作业效能提升研究现状与展望

专题报道: 陆军航空医学 | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- 陆军飞行人员作业效能提升研究现状与展望
- Research status and prospects on improving operational efficiency of army aviation pilots
- 陆军军医大学学报 2024年46卷第1期页码：14-20
- 作者机构：
  
  400042 重庆，陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)大坪医院特殊环境战伤防治研究室，创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室
- 作者简介：
  
  [杨策，E-mail: sepsismd@126.com YANG Ce, E-mail: sepsismd@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  院士牵头科技创新引导专项(2022YSZX-JCX0015CSTB);陆军特色医学中心人才创新能力培养计划(ZXZYTSYS11)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307083
  中图分类号： R821.21;R851.6
- 收稿：2023-08-01，
  
  修回：2023-08-24，
  
  纸质出版：2024-01-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱莹, 杨策. 陆军飞行人员作业效能提升研究现状与展望[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2024,46(1):14-20.

Ying ZHU, Ce YANG. Research status and prospects on improving operational efficiency of army aviation pilots[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2024, 46(1): 14-20.
朱莹, 杨策. 陆军飞行人员作业效能提升研究现状与展望[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2024,46(1):14-20. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307083.

Ying ZHU, Ce YANG. Research status and prospects on improving operational efficiency of army aviation pilots[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2024, 46(1): 14-20. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202307083.

摘要

陆军飞行人员是“机动作战、立体攻防”的重要战斗力量，保障和提升飞行人员作业效能是陆军航空医学(陆航医学)重点关注的科学问题。随着高性能直升机列装使用，陆军航空部队作战、训练方式和强度也随之动态变化，陆军飞行人员作业效能提升对于确保任务的完成至关重要。在陆军飞行器、航空环境影响直升机飞行人员生理-心理状况的理论体系中，既往陆航医学在保障飞行人员身心健康、提升作业效能方面做出重要贡献。基于新时期和未来陆军直升机飞行人员作业中存在的健康挑战和卫勤保障需求，本文着眼于飞行环境改善、个体防护保障和机体耐力提升等方面，系统回顾陆航医学在飞行人员作业效能提升方面的研究进展，展望未来研究方向；旨在为全链条、多维度保障陆军飞行人员身心健康，提升作业效能提供借鉴和启示。

Abstract

Army aviation pilots play a crucial role in "mobile operations

three-dimensional attack and defense"

so how to ensure and improve their operational efficiency becomes a scientific problem of concern in army aviation medicine. As the deployment of high-performance helicopters

dynamic changes come in operational

training

and intensity of the Army Air Force

whereat

it is vital to improve the operational efficiency of the flight personnel to ensure mission completion. In the theoretical system about the impact of army aircraft and aviation environment on the physiological and psychological conditions of army aviators

past research in army aviation medicine has made significant contributions to ensuring their physical and mental health and to improving their operational efficiency. Considering the health challenges and medical support needs of army aviators in the new era and future

with an eye to the aspects of flight environment

individual protection and body endurance

systematically review the progress in army aviation medicine related to improving operational efficiency

and furthermore

bring forward to future research directions. We aim to provide reference and inspiration for improvement of operational efficiency in army aviators in terms of comprehensive and multi-dimensional support for their physical and mental health.

关键词

Keywords

references

段本相, 季栋华. 陆军航空兵在一体化联合作战中的运用[J]. 国防科技, 2015, 36(4): 124-128. DOI: 10.13943/j.issn1671-4547.2015.04.27.

DUAN B X, JI D H. Application of army aviation corps in integrated joint operations[J]. Natl Def Sci Technol, 2015, 36(4): 124-128. DOI: 10.13943/j.issn1671-4547.2015.04.27.

徐先荣, 肖海峰, 翟丽红, 等. 直升机飞行人员住院疾病谱分析[J]. 军医进修学院学报, 2011, 32(9): 896-897, 913.

XU X R, XIAO H F, ZHAI L H, et al . Disease spectrum in hospitalized helicopter aircrews[J ] . J Chin PLA Postg Med Sch, 2011, 32(9): 896-897, 913.

严军, 余静, 刘可, 等. 陆军航空医学研究现状和展望[J]. 创伤外科杂志, 2022, 24(6): 412-415. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4237.2022.06.003.

YAN J, YU J, LIU K, et al . Research status and enlightenment of army aviation medicine[J ] . J Trauma Surg, 2022, 24(6): 412-415. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4237.2022.06.003.

刘玉辉, 姜一弘, 张卓儒, 等. 军事航空噪音性隐匿性听力损失动物模型的建立与评价[J]. 中华耳科学杂志, 2022, 20(4): 620-625. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2922.2022.04.015.

LIU Y H, JIANG Y H, ZHANG Z R, et al . Establishment and evaluation of an animal model of military aviation noise induced-hidden hearing loss[J ] . Chin J Otol, 2022, 20(4): 620-625. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2922.2022.04.015.

邓景辉. 直升机技术发展与展望[J]. 航空科学技术, 2021, 32(1): 10-16. DOI: 10.19452/j.issn1007-5453.2021.01.002.

DENG J H. Development and prospect of helicopter technology[J]. Aeronaut Sci Technol, 2021, 32(1): 10-16. DOI: 10.19452/j.issn1007-5453.2021.01.002.

李哲, 王静怡, 周正伊, 等. 2021年度美军军事作业医学研究进展[J]. 军事医学, 2022, 46(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2022.01.001.

LI Z, WANG J Y, ZHOU Z Y, et al . 2021 annual review of U.S. Armed Forces military operational medicine research[J ] . Mil Med Sci, 2022, 46(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2022.01.001.

王广云, 翟丽红, 于东睿, 等. 改装体检直升机和歼击机飞行员加速度耐力比较研究[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2020, 36(1): 1-3. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2020.01.001.

WANG G Y, ZHAI L H, YU D R, et al . A comparative study of acceleration tolerance between helicopter pilots and fighter pilots under physical examination prior to transferring to higher performance aircraft[J ] . Med J Air Force, 2020, 36(1): 1-3. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2020.01.001.

蒋晓璇, 张玲, 徐先荣. 直升机和歼击机飞行员年度体检病症谱分析[J]. 解放军医学院学报, 2015, 36(1): 33-35. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2015.01.011.

JIANG X X, ZHANG L, XU X R. Analysis of helicopter and fighter pilots' disease spectrum in annual checkup[J]. Acad J Chin PLA Med Sch, 2015, 36(1): 33-35. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2015.01.011.

徐先荣. 对飞行人员体格检查的再认识[J]. 解放军医学院学报, 2020, 41(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2020.01.001.

XU X R. Reconsidering the physical examination to air force pilot[J]. Acad J Chin PLA Med Sch, 2020, 41(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2020.01.001.

徐先荣, 肖海鹏, 翟丽红, 等. 直升机飞行人员停飞疾病谱分析[J]. 军医进修学院学报, 2012(12): 1227-1229.

XU X R, XIAO H P, ZHAI L H, et al . Disease spectra of grounde d helicopter aircrews[J ] . J Chin PLA Postgrad Med Sch, 2012(12): 1227-1229.

崔丽, 徐先荣, 郑军, 等. 军事飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱10年回顾分析[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2021, 37(3): 194-198. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2021.03.003.

CUI L, XU X R, ZHENG J, et al . Disease spectrum of permanent grounding in military aircrews: a 10-year review[J ] . Med J Air Force, 2021, 37(3): 194-198. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2021.03.003.

徐先荣, 熊巍, 肖海峰, 等. GJB 8575—2016飞行人员体格要求及检查方法: 高性能武装直升机飞行员[S]. 北京: 中央军委后勤保障部, 2016.

XU X R, XIONG W, XIAO H F, et al . GJB 8575—2016 Flight personnel physical requirements and inspection methods: High performance helicopter gunship pilots[S ] . Beijing: Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission, 2016.

叶超群, 殷毅. 军事飞行人员颈痛康复操作指南(2022)[J]. 空军航空医学, 2022, 39(3): 26-30.

YE C Q, YIN Y, et al . Guidelines for rehabilitation of neck pain in military flight personnel(2022)[J ] . Aviat Med Air Force, 2022, 39(3): 26-30.

卫杰, 郑超, 等. 军事飞行人员腰椎间盘突出症医学鉴定操作指南(2022)[J]. 空军军医大学学报, 2022(5): 546-549.

WEI J, ZHENG C, et al . Guidelines for medical evaluation of lumbar disc herniation in military pilots(2022)[J ] . J Air Force Med Univ, 2022(5): 546-549.

米尔观天下. 传说中的用眼神杀人!直10是怎么做到的?全靠这一顶头盔![EB/OL]. (2019-11-04)[2023-12-06]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1649253480814914771&wfr=spider&for=pc,2019.

Mill View the World. The legend of killing with eyes! How does straight 10 do it? It's all because of this helmet![EB/OL]. (2019-11-04)[2023-12-06]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1649253480814914771&wfr=spider&for=pc,2019.

成德, 王欣宇, 刘舒宁, 等. 直升机驾驶员座椅舒适性指标量化研究[J]. 直升机技术, 2021(4): 32-37, 42. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1220.2021.04.006.

CHENG D, WANG X Y, LIU S N, et al . Quantitative research on helicopter pilot seat comfort index[J ] . Helicopter Tech, 2021(4): 32-37, 42. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1220.2021.04.006.

邹琳. 民航飞行员飞行疲劳体征的判别与安全对策综述[J]. 才智, 2011(19): 325-327. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-2790.2008.04.027.

ZOU L. Identification of flight fatigue signs of civil aviation pilots and summary of safety countermeasures[J]. Intelligence, 2011(19): 325-327. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-2790.2008.04.027.

王星, 王军, 郑军, 等. 2015—2020年飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱分析[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2021, 37(5): 397-399, 417. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2021.05.008.

WANG X, WANG J, ZHENG J, et al . Disease spectrum of military aircrews from 2015 to 2020[J ] . Med J Air Force, 2021, 37(5): 397-399, 417. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2021.05.008.

谢孟真. 基于飞行疲劳角度探究军用直升机飞行员飞行安全策略[J]. 决策探索(中), 2019, (9): 11-12.

XIE M Z. Flight safety strategy of military helicopter pilots based on flight fatigue[J]. Policy Res Explor, 2019, (9): 11-12.

CHEN L E, ZHAO A D, ZHANG Q J, et al . Investigation of the usefulness of zaleplon at two doses to induce afternoon-sleep under noise interference and its effects on psychomotor performance and vestibular function[J ] . Mil Med Res, 2016, 3: 5. DOI: 10.1186/s40779-016-0075-4.

邢雷, 邢航, 钟震宇. 短效催眠药在航卫保障中应用研究[J]. 中国现代药物应用, 2014, 8(3): 154-155. DOI: 10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.09.1012.

XING L, XING H, ZHONG Z Y. Study on the application of short-acting hypnotics in aviation health support[J]. Chin J Mod Drug Appl, 2014, 8(3): 154-155. DOI: 10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.09.1012.

WINGELAAR-JAGT Y Q, WINGELAAR T T, RIEDEL W J, et al . Fatigue in aviation: safety risks, preventive strategies and pharmacological interventions[J ] . Front Physiol, 2021, 12: 712628. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.712628.

SABALLA J. US Army to develop cap that can improve soldiers' sleep. The Defence Post. [EB/OL]. (2021-10-13)[2022-10-20]. https://www.thedefensepost.com/2021/10/13/us-army-cap-soldiers-sleep/.

李哲, 于楠, 付波, 等. 外军卫勤系列研究(138)2019-2020年美军军事作业医学研究进展[J]. 人民军医, 2021, 64(2): 154-159.

LI Z, YU N, FU B, et al . A series of studies on foreign military medical service (138) progress in medical research on military operations in the U.S. Military in 2019-2020[J ] . People's Military Surgeon, 2021, 64(2): 154-159.

SCHULZ T. Mobile hearing test system enables quicker diagnosis, treatment[EB/OL]. (2021-07-08)[2022-07-20]. https://www.myairforcebenefits.us.af.mil/News/Mobile-hearing-test-system-enables-quicker-diagnosis-treatment.

WANG B R, XU X R, LIN J H, et al . Dynamic rabbit model of ear barotrauma[J ] . Aerosp Med Hum Perform, 2019, 90(8): 696-702. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.5167.2019.

XU X R, WANG B R, JIN Z G, et al . A dynamic rabbit model of sinus barotrauma and its related pathology[J ] . Aerosp Med Hum Perform, 2016, 87(6): 521-527. DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.4417.2016.

BARAL B, REGMI D, DAWADI A, et al . Middle ear barotrauma among licensed Para-pilots of a metropolitan city: a descriptive cross-sectional study[J ] . JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc,

晏雪婷. 飞行环境中微波辐射对机体免疫功能影响的研究[D]. 大连: 大连医科大学, 2016.

YAN X T. Study on the influence of microwave radiation on immune function in flight environment[D]. Dalian: Dalian Medical University, 2016.

ERCAN E. Effects of aerospace environments on the cardiovascular system[J]. Anatol J Cardiol, 2021, 25(Suppl 1): 3-6. DOI: 10.5152/AnatolJCardiol.2021.S103.

MCNEELY E, MORDUKHOVICH I, TIDEMAN S, et al . Estimating the health consequences of flight attendant work: comparing flight attendant health to the general population in a cross-sectional study[J ] . BMC Public Health, 2018, 18(1): 346. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5221-3.

潘建, 肖海峰, 刘福玉, 等. 低氧预适应训练在陆航飞行员高原驻训中的应用研究[J]. 西南国防医药, 2013, 23(3): 307-309. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0188.2013.03.032.

PAN J, XIAO H F, LIU F Y, et al . Research on application of hypoxic preconditioning training to army aviation pilots' field training at high altitude[J ] . Med J Natl Defending Forces Southwest China, 2013, 23(3): 307-309. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0188.2013.03.032.

GIRARD O, BROCHERIE F, GOODS P S R, et al . An updated panorama of "living low-training high" altitude/hypoxic methods[J ] . Front Sports Act Living, 2020, 2: 26. DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00026.

杨昌林, 余红, 伊长荣, 等. 炎热气候对飞行人员营养素需要量的研究[J]. 吉林医药学院学报, 1997, 18(3): 154-156.

YANG C L, YU H, YI C R, et al . Study on nutrient requirements of flight personnel in hot climate[J ] . J Jilin Med Univ, 1997, 18(3): 154-156.

文豪, 张志勇, 吕聪聪, 等. 基于虚拟现实技术的飞行学员心理训练环境构建研究[C]. 第十届中国指挥控制大会, 中国北京, 2022.

WEN H, ZHANG Z Y, LYU C C, et al. Research on the construction of psychological training environment for flight cadets based on virtual reality technology[C ] . 10th China Command and Control Conference, Beijing, China, 2022.

SAMMITO S, ERLEY O M, RO SE D M, et al . The prevalence of dietary supplement usage in military aviators[J ] . Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(9): 5017. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095017.

张建国. 直升机飞行的航空医学问题及航空卫生保障[J]. 航空军医, 2000, 28(6): 246-248.

ZHANG J G. Aviation medical problems and aviation health guarantee of helicopter flight[J]. Flight Surg, 2000, 28(6): 246-248.

詹皓, 袁海龙. 航空药理研究的回顾与展望[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2022, 38(1): 33-37. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2022.01.009.

ZHAN H, YUAN H L. The present and future of pharmacological research in aviation medicine[J]. Med J Air Force, 2022, 38(1): 33-37. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3402.2022.01.009.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

直升机飞行员脑力负荷、睡眠和疲劳的典型相关分析

特种作战领域军事作业医学的研究进展

特种作战军人疲劳及系统性劳动不耐受病发生状况调查

陆军特种作战军人疲劳相关生物标志物及其与岗位特征关联分析

模拟直升机垂直向碰撞伤的初步研究